王守红¹,
吴雷明¹,
杨显祥²,
韩光明³,
张家宏^1,,,
寇祥明¹,
王曙光²,
李兵⁴
1. 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所, 扬州 225007;
2. 扬州市水产生产技术指导站, 扬州 225003;
3. 江苏普兴循环农业发展有限公司, 扬州 225654;
4. 扬州市龙道生态农业有限公司, 扬州 225615

作者简介: 王守红(1970-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为生态农业技术,E-mail:yzwish@126.com.

通讯作者: 张家宏,yzzhangjh@126.com ;

基金项目: 江苏省自主创新资金资助项目（CX （19）3052）；江苏省重点研发计划（现代农业）（BE2018366，BE2019350）；江苏现代农业克氏原螯虾技术体系（JATS[2019]251，JATS[2019]254）；扬州市科技计划（现代农业）（YZ2019032）；农业农村部种养结合重点实验室开放课题（202002）；扬州市粮食绿色增产1120工程


中图分类号: X171.5

Effects of Amide Herbicide Stress on Growth and Development of Larval Procambarus clarkii in Rice-Crayfish Culture Mode

Wang Shouhong¹,
Wu Leiming¹,
Yang Xianxiang²,
Han Guangming³,
Zhang Jiahong^1,,,
Kou Xiangming¹,
Wang Shuguang²,
Li Bing⁴
1. Agricultural Science Institute of Jiangsu Lixiahe District, Yangzhou 225007, China;
2. Yangzhou Aquatic Product Technology Promotion Department, Yangzhou 225003, China;
3. Jiangsu Puxing Circular Agriculture Development Co. Ltd., Yangzhou 225654, China;
4. Yangzhou Longdao Ecological Agriculture Co. Ltd., Yangzhou 225615, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Jiahong,yzzhangjh@126.com ;

CLC number: X171.5

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摘要:采用静水生物试验法，研究酰胺类除草剂在稻田常规使用浓度（丙草胺0.0021 mL·L^-1；丁草胺0.0045 mL·L^-1）下对克氏原螯虾生长发育的影响。结果表明，丙草胺和丁草胺对幼虾成活率无显著影响（P>0.05），幼虾体质量损失率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。丙草胺组幼虾淀粉酶（1 d、3 d）和脂肪酶（6 d）活性显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。丁草胺组幼虾胰蛋白酶（1 d）活性显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。至11 d时，3组之间幼虾各消化酶活性均无显著性差异（P>0.05）。第1天时，丙草胺组幼虾超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性和总抗氧化力（T-AOC）显著升高（P<0.05），丁草胺组幼虾GPx活性和T-AOC显著升高（P<0.05），2组丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）。第3天时，丁草胺组幼虾SOD活性显著升高（P<0.05），丙草胺组和丁草胺组幼虾GPx活性显著降低（P<0.05），且T-AOC显著升高（P<0.05）。至第17天时，3组之间幼虾各抗氧化酶指标，除丁草胺组GPx外，无显著性差异（P>0.05）。丙草胺和丁草胺在稻田常规使用量下可以影响幼虾消化酶和抗氧化酶活性，幼虾体质量损失率增大，存在短期胁迫效应。
关键词: 酰胺类除草剂/
克氏原螯虾/
消化酶/
抗氧化酶

Abstract:The effects of amide herbicides on the growth and development of Procambarus clarkii were studied in static bioassay test (alachlor 0.0021 mL·L^-1, butachlor 0.0045 mL·L^-1). The results showed that the survival rate of larval crayfish was not significantly affected by alachlor and butachlor (P>0.05), and the body mass loss rate of larval crayfish was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The amylase (1 d, 3 d) and lipase (6 d) activities in alachlor group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The trypsin activity (1 d) of larval crayfish in butachlor group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). All digestive enzymes activities have no significant difference among the three groups after 11 d (P>0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of larval crayfish in alachlor group were increased significantly at 1 d (P<0.05). The GPx activity and T-AOC of larval crayfish in butachlor group were increased significantly at 1 d (P<0.05). The MDA contents were decreased significantly in alachlor and butachlor groups at 1 d (P<0.05). The SOD activity of larval crayfish in butachlor group was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the GPx activity of larval crayfish in alachlor and butachlor groups was significantly decreased, and the T-AOC was significantly increased at 3 d (P<0.05). At 17 d, there was no significant difference in antioxidant enzyme indexes among the three groups except that the GPx activity of larval crayfish in butachlor group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The activities of digestive enzymes and antioxidant enzymes of larval crayfish were affected under the conventional use of pretilachlor and butachlor in paddy fields, and the mass loss rate of larval crayfish was increased, which means the short-term stress induced by alachlor and butachlor affected growth and development of larval crayfish.
Key words:amide herbicide/
Procambarus clarkii/
digestive enzymes/
antioxidant enzymes.

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