李正炎1,2,,
1. 中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院, 青岛 266100;
2. 中国海洋大学, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100
作者简介: 单阳阳(1995-),男,硕士生,研究方向为生态毒理学,E-mail:56700336@qq.com.
通讯作者: 李正炎,zhengyan@ouc.edu.cn
基金项目: 水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2017ZX07301-002）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2018YFC1407601）中图分类号: X171.5
Derivation of Water Quality Criteria of Lead for the Protection of Chinese Estuarine Species Based on Salinity Correction Method
Shan Yangyang1,Li Zhengyan1,2,,
1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Corresponding author: Li Zhengyan,zhengyan@ouc.edu.cn
CLC number: X171.5
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摘要:铅是中国近海海域中主要的重金属类污染物，其显著的生物积累性和生物毒性给海洋生态环境带来潜在风险。河口是沟通河流和海洋的生态交错带，受陆源污染影响较大，生态环境较为脆弱。目前，中国铅的水质基准研究主要聚焦于海洋和淡水，缺乏针对河口的水质基准研究，不能满足河口生态环境保护的需求。此外，河口盐度变化剧烈，可能对铅的生物毒性产生影响。本文搜集筛选了31种中国河口生物的铅毒性数据，分析了水体盐度对铅毒性的影响，并采用物种敏感度分布法推导中国河口的铅水质基准。结果表明，铅对水生生物的毒性随盐度升高而降低，两者呈显著相关，拟合直线斜率为0.026；对于不同门类生物，盐度效应明显不同，对于脊索动物门、软体动物门、节肢动物门和硅藻门拟合直线斜率分别为0.088、0.142、0.014和0.066。根据中国河口生物的铅毒性数据，获得标准盐度（Salinity=28）下中国河口铅短期水质基准和长期水质基准分别为48.68 μg·L-1和5.60 μg·L-1。研究结果可为中国河口铅的生态风险评估和污染控制提供科学依据。
关键词: 铅/
盐度/
河口水生生物/
水质基准/
物种敏感度分布法
Abstract:Lead is one of the main heavy metals in Chinese coastal waters. It may cause potential risks to ecological environment through bioaccumulation and biotoxicification. The estuary is an ecological interface area that connects a river and the adjacent sea. It is greatly affected by land-based pollution with fragile ecological environment. Up to date, water quality criterion research for lead in China mainly focuses on salt and fresh water, whereas research on estuarine water is very limited. The existing lead criteria may not be suitable for estuarine environmental protection. The dramatic fluctuation of salinity in estuarine water may also have an impact on the toxicity of lead, which is however rarely investigated. This study, therefore, screened toxicity data of lead on 31 species resident in Chinese estuaries and analyzed the relationship between the salinity and the toxicity. The results showed that the toxicity of lead decreased with the increase of salinity. The effect was however different among various category of species. The slope of regression line between toxicity of lead and salinity was calculated as 0.088, 0.142, 0.014, 0.066 and 0.026, respectively, for chordate, mollusk, arthropod, diatom and all species. Through the salinity correction and the species sensitivity distribution methodology, the short-term and long-term value of lead water quality criterion in Chinese estuaries were deduced as 48.68 μg·L-1 and 5.60 μg·L-1, respectively, upon the adjusted salinity of 28. The criteria could be applied to ecological risk assessment and pollution control of lead in Chinese estuaries.
Key words:lead/
salinity/
estuarine species/
water quality criteria/
species sensitivity distribution.
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