虚拟和真实金钱奖赏幅度对海洛因戒断者风险决策的影响

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杨玲¹, 王斌强¹(

), 耿银凤², 姚东伟¹, 曹华¹, 张建勋¹(

), 许琼英¹

1 西北师范大学心理学院, 物质成瘾与康复研究所, 兰州 730070
2 菏泽信息工程学校学前教育科, 山东菏泽 274000

收稿日期:2018-01-29出版日期:2019-04-25发布日期:2019-02-22
通讯作者:王斌强,张建勋E-mail:wbq0824@sina.com;zjxwyky@126.com

基金资助:* 国家自然基金项目资助

The influence of hypothetical and real money rewards on the risky decision-making of the abstinent heroin user

YANG Ling¹, WANG Binqiang¹(

), GEN Yinfeng², YAO Dongwei¹, CAO Hua¹, ZHANG Jianxun¹(

), XU Qiongying¹

1 Institute of Substance Addiction and Rehabilitation, School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
2 Department of Preschool Education, Heze Information Engineering School of Shandong Province, Heze 247000, China

Received:2018-01-29Online:2019-04-25Published:2019-02-22
Contact:WANG Binqiang,ZHANG Jianxun E-mail:wbq0824@sina.com;zjxwyky@126.com

Supported by:31660276

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 已有研究表明海洛因成瘾者风险决策能力受损, 但少有研究关注不同幅度金钱奖赏对戒断期海洛因成瘾者风险决策的影响以及这种影响是否会受到金钱奖赏类型的调节。因此, 本研究使用气球模拟风险任务(BART), 通过两个实验探究不同幅度虚拟和真实金钱奖赏对海洛因戒断者风险决策的影响。结果显示, 在虚拟奖赏情景下, 海洛因戒断者未爆破气球按键次数和爆破气球个数均显著大于正常组被试, 以及两组被试在25分奖赏条件下的未爆破气球按键次数和爆破气球个数均显著大于1分奖赏; 而在真实奖赏情景下, 海洛因戒断者未爆破气球按键次数和爆破气球个数均显著小于正常组被试, 以及两组被试在25分奖赏条件下的未爆破气球按键次数和爆破气球个数均显著小于1分奖赏。研究结果表明, 金钱奖赏类型和金钱奖赏幅度会影响被试的风险决策行为。在虚拟奖赏情景下, 两组被试的风险偏好水平随着奖赏幅度的增加显著升高, 但是戒断期海洛因成瘾者的风险偏好水平高于正常组被试; 而在真实奖赏情景下, 两组被试的风险偏好水平随着奖赏幅度的增加显著降低, 同时戒断期海洛因成瘾者的风险偏好水平低于正常组被试。

图/表 5

图1BART流程图

图2两组被试在虚拟奖赏1分/25分收益下未爆气球平均按键次数

图3两组被试在虚拟奖赏1分/25分收益下爆破气球个数

图4两组被试在真实奖赏1分/25分收益下未爆气球平均按键次数

图5两组被试在真实奖赏1分/25分收益下爆破气球个数

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