行为决策中诱饵效应的认知加工机制

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李嘉惠, 刘清, 蒋多(

)

深圳大学心理学院, 深圳 518060

收稿日期:2019-11-01出版日期:2020-10-15发布日期:2020-08-24
通讯作者:蒋多E-mail:duo12322@szu.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家自然科学金项目(71901148);广东省自然科学基金项目(2018A030310432)

The cognitive mechanisms of decoy effect in decision making

LI Jiahui, LIU Qing, JIANG Duo(

)

College of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

Received:2019-11-01Online:2020-10-15Published:2020-08-24
Contact:JIANG Duo E-mail:duo12322@szu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在原选项集中加入一个诱饵选项能够使人们的选择发生改变, 这就是诱饵效应。研究者发现可以通过设置相似诱饵、妥协诱饵、吸引诱饵以及幽灵诱饵等达到诱导决策者选择目标选项的目的。当前, 很多研究探索了诱饵效应的认知加工机制, 有研究者基于启发式加工和分析式加工的视角开展研究, 也有研究者从维度加工和选项加工的视角对此进行探索。诱饵效应的认知加工过程受到年龄、后悔情绪、决策形式以及时间压力等因素的影响。未来的研究需要构建适用于各类诱饵效应的统一的认知加工机制模型, 探索知觉在诱饵效应形成过程中的基础性作用, 探索个体的决策风格对不同类型诱饵效应的影响, 并通过合理利用诱饵效应助推社会发展。

图/表 4

图1相似诱饵示意图

图2妥协诱饵设置策略示意图

图3吸引诱饵设置策略示意图

图4幽灵诱饵设置策略示意图

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