冲动还是习惯?成瘾不同阶段中冲动性的性质与机制

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王鹏飞, 严瑞婷, 苗心, 曾红(

)

广州大学心理与脑科学研究中心, 广州 510006

收稿日期:2018-06-15出版日期:2019-05-15发布日期:2019-03-20
通讯作者:曾红E-mail:soezenghyj@gzhu.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家社会科学基金“十二五”规划2014年度教育学一般项目“青少年个体心理危机的预警、监测及干预策略和体系研究”资助(BBA140050)

Impulsivity or habitual behavior? The function and mechanism of impulsivity in different phases of drug addiction

WANG PengFei, YAN RuiTing, MIAO Xin, ZENG Hong(

)

Department of Psychology, Research Center of Psychology & Brain Science Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2018-06-15Online:2019-05-15Published:2019-03-20
Contact:ZENG Hong E-mail:soezenghyj@gzhu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 冲动性是一种缺乏充分思考、不顾后果的冒险行为或行为倾向, 它既表现在人格特质中, 也会表现为各类环境中的行为。成瘾者具有典型的冲动性特征, 但成瘾者的冲动性是如何影响和促进成瘾行为的发生、发展, 目前还并不明朗。从成瘾形成的不同阶段, 也许可以对此有更进一步的了解。在药物使用的开始阶段, 冲动性人格特质作为动机原因, 促进成瘾物质的首次使用; 接着操作性条件学习导致用药者进入“目标-导向”阶段, 呈现出选择冲动性。第三阶段, 经典条件学习又使相关线索和药物效应不断匹配, 形成条件反射性药物使用行为。成瘾者进入习惯性用药阶段, 表现出显著的停止冲动性。

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