) 1 南昌大学心理健康教育中心, 南昌 330031
2 中国科学院行为科学重点实验室(中国科学院心理研究所), 北京 100101
3 中国科学院大学心理学系, 北京 100049
4 SinSource HR Management Co., 福州 350001
5 福建工程学院交通运输学院, 福州 350118
收稿日期:2018-05-07出版日期:2019-03-15发布日期:2019-01-22通讯作者:许明星E-mail:xumx@fjut.edu.cn基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(31471005);国家自然科学基金项目(71761167001);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(71861027);国家社会科学基金重点项目(16AZD058);中国科学院行为科学重点实验室自主研究课题项目资助(Y5CX052003)The nudging role of behavioral economics in retirement savings decisions: Current situation and future prospects
LIU Huan1,2,3, SUI Xiao-Yang2,3, HUANG Yuan-Na2,3, LIN Rong-Ping4, XU Ming-Xing2() 1 Centre for Mental Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
2 CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3 Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4 SinSource HR Management Co, Fuzhou 350001, China
5 School of Transportation, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
Received:2018-05-07Online:2019-03-15Published:2019-01-22Contact:XU Ming-Xing E-mail:xumx@fjut.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： “行为经济学之父”Richard Thaler因在行为经济学领域的突出贡献而获2017年诺贝尔经济学奖。Thaler利用行为经济学原理提出了“明日多储蓄”项目, 助推美国养老金储蓄率的提高。在初涉养老金储蓄领域时, Thaler提出采取“自动加入”的方式提高员工养老储蓄参与率; 接着提出采取“自动升级”的方式提高员工的储蓄率, 最终形成了“明日多储蓄”项目。“明日多储蓄”项目具有自由家长主义性质, 不仅能提高员工养老储蓄参与率、储蓄率, 还能优化资产投资配置。该项目产生了深远的影响：在应用层面上, 英国、新西兰等国家跟进推出了类似的养老储蓄政策; 在研究层面上, 一批后继研究者受此启发展开了个体养老金储蓄行为背后心理学机制的探索。结合中国养老储蓄三大支柱发展不平衡的现状, 我们提出可利用框架效应、心理账户、默认选项、将损失程数由双程变为单程等行为经济学手段助推中国养老储蓄的发展。国家可以考虑通过制度设计和政策制定助推全社会养老金参与率和缴纳水平的提高。
图/表 2
图1交税50元(双程损失), 退税50元(三程获得)
图1交税50元(双程损失), 退税50元(三程获得)
图2用已经到手的工资交养老金(左图：双程损失); 用未来加薪的工资交养老金(右图：单程损失)
图2用已经到手的工资交养老金(左图：双程损失); 用未来加薪的工资交养老金(右图：单程损失)参考文献 45
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