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基于GIS的高密度城市声景质量及其影响因素研究 ——以广州天河区为例*

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陈怡冰,黄建锋,谢嘉琪,刘嘉慧,张天尧.基于GIS的高密度城市声景质量及其影响因素研究 ——以广州天河区为例*[J].,2021,40(4):619-627
基于GIS的高密度城市声景质量及其影响因素研究 ——以广州天河区为例*
Soundscape quality and its influencing factors of high-density city based on GIS: a case study of Tianhe District, Guangzhou
投稿时间：2020-09-30修订日期：2021-07-07
中文摘要:
密度城市空间背景下，声景质量对居住舒适度及居民身心健康的影响显著。已有声景研究中鲜有针对街区尺度的声景时空特征及其与居民交互关系的探究，不利于高质量宜居城市空间构建。本文基于地理学视角，通过声景漫步与问卷调查对广州市天河区的声源类型、声环境特征、心理声学感知进行调查研究，旨在阐述城市街区尺度声景质量的空间特征及其影响因素。研究认为：1）声压级低、主观响度低、柔和、舒适、安静、自然的声环境有利于提升声景总体满意度，同时声景感知结构的空间性在总体满意度上存在性别差异；2）城市声景特征的空间结构与道路功能和土地利用功能等要素密切相关，其中建筑密度、道路等级、城市综合密度的提升均不利于声景总体满意度的提升，城市生活活力的提升有助于声景总体满意度的提升。基于此，本文认为应通过城市声景空间规划优化高密度城市声环境质量并提升声景满意度，通过合理规划道路、用地功能、与建筑密度等手段，促进积极声景空间营造，促进并实现健康人居环境。
英文摘要:
Under the background of high-density urban space, soundscape quality has a significant impact on residential comfort and residents'' physical and mental health. There are few researches on the spatio-temporal characteristics of soundscape in block scale and the interaction between soundscape and residents, which is not conducive to the construction of high-quality livable urban space. From the lens of geography, this paper investigates the types of sound sources, the characteristics of sound environment and psychoacoustic perception in Tianhe District of Guangzhou through soundscape walk and questionnaire survey, aiming to elaborate the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of soundscape quality in urban block scale. The results show that: 1) low sound pressure level, low subjective loudness, soft, comfortable, quiet and natural sound environment is conducive to improve the overall satisfaction of soundscape, and there are gender differences in the overall satisfaction of soundscape perception structure; 2) The spatial structure of urban soundscape features is closely related to road function and land use function. The improvement of building density, road grade and urban density is not conducive to the improvement of overall soundscape satisfaction. The improvement of urban life vitality is conducive to the improvement of overall soundscape satisfaction. Thus, the government could optimize the quality of high-density urban acoustic environment and improve the satisfaction of soundscape through urban soundscape space planning, reasonable planning of roads, land use functions and building density, benefiting the active soundscape space and healthy living environment.
DOI：10.11684/j.issn.1000-310X.2021.04.017
中文关键词:声景质量主观感知高密度城市环境影响机制
英文关键词:Soundscape qualitysubjective perceptionhigh density urban environmentinfluence mechanism
基金项目:高密度人居环境生态与节能教育部重点实验室（同济大学）开放课题（2019030309）
作者单位E-mail
陈怡冰华南师范大学地理科学学院 广州1260352652@qq.com
黄建锋华南师范大学地理科学学院 广州545712699@qq.com
谢嘉琪华南师范大学地理科学学院 广州1223003814@qq.com
刘嘉慧香港理工大学
张天尧哈尔滨工业大学深圳110006008@qq.com
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