ADVANCES IN RESEARCH WORK REGARDING IMPACTS OF BRIDGE PIERS ON ICE ACCUMULATION AND LOCAL SCOUR PROCESSES1)
Wang Jun,*,2), Hou Zhixing*, Sui Jueyi??, Cheng Tiejie**School of Civil Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China ??Environmental Engineering,University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George V2N 4Z9,Canada
Abstract River ice is an important factor affecting alluvial channels in winter. The appearance of bridge piers in channel changes the flow condition, and therefore affects the accumulation or ice jam process around bridge pier. On the other side, under ice-covered conditions, due to the extra boundary imposed by ice cover, the location of the maximum flow velocity is closer to the riverbed. Consequently, the riverbed scour around bridge pier under ice cover should be greater than in the absence of ice cover. By means of mechanical analysis of the stability of ice jams around bridge piers, a formula has been proposed to assess the stability of ice jams under the influence of bridge piers. The calculated results using the proposed formula were in good agreement with those measured in laboratory. Experiments have been conducted to study the impacts of bridge piers on the initiation of an ice cover. A formula for determining the critical concentration of ice floes on water surface for initiating an ice cover around bridge piers was developed. The proposed equation has been validated by data collected in laboratory and natural rivers. The relevant research works with respect to the local scour process around bridge piers/bridge abutments under both open flow and ice-covered (ice-jammed) flow conditions have been carried out in laboratory. Considering different bed material, pier size and ice-cover roughness, empirical formulas have been developed to calculate the maximum scour depth in the vicinity of bridge piers under ice-covered condition. Laboratory experiments have been conducted to study the local scour process around bridge piers under the ice-jammed flow condition. Results show that, under an ice-jammed flow condition, the local scour depth around bridge piers is much more than that under a sheet-ice-covered flow condition. Also, the bed deformation interacts with ice accumulation; namely, the thicker the ice jam, the more the scour depth, and vice versa. Under an ice-jammed condition, both the maximum depth and length of scour holes around a bridge pier increase with the flow velocity. Also, the height of a deposition dune downstream of a scour hole is affected by flow velocity This paper also summarizes further research work that needs to be carried out in the future. Keywords:bridge pier;ice cover;ice jam;local scour;mechanical analysis
PDF (2474KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 王军, 侯智星, 隋觉义, 程铁杰. 桥墩-冰塞-局部冲刷相关问题研究进展1). 力学学报[J], 2021, 53(3): 672-681 DOI:10.6052/0459-1879-20-392 Wang Jun, Hou Zhixing, Sui Jueyi, Cheng Tiejie. ADVANCES IN RESEARCH WORK REGARDING IMPACTS OF BRIDGE PIERS ON ICE ACCUMULATION AND LOCAL SCOUR PROCESSES1). Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics[J], 2021, 53(3): 672-681 DOI:10.6052/0459-1879-20-392
$\frac{y_{\mathrm{m}}}{y_{0}}=A\left(\frac{d_{50}}{y_{0}}\right)^{\alpha}\left(\frac{G}{D}\right)^{\beta}\left(\frac{n_{\mathrm{i}}}{n_{\mathrm{b}}}\right)^{\gamma} F r^{\eta}$ 式中,$Fr$表示上游水流弗劳德数,$y_{0}$表示上游水深,$D$为墩径,$G$为两桥墩间距.
( YangKailin. Advances of ice hydraulics, ice regime observation and forecasting in rivers Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2018,49(1):81-91 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
StephaneDM, YvesG, MoniqueB, et al. River predisposition to ice jams: A simplified geospatial model Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 2017,17(5):1033-1045
BeltaosS. Distributed function analysis of ice jam flood frequenc Cold Regions Science & Technology, 2012,71(2):1-10 [本文引用: 1]
ZhaoSX, ShenHT, ShiXH, et al. Wintertime surface heat exchange for the inner mongolia reach of the Yellow River Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 2020,56(2):348-356 [本文引用: 1]
( LiZhijun, HanMing, QinJianmin, et al. States and advances in monitor of ice thickness change Advances in Water Science, 2005(5):753-757 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
HealyD, HicksFE. Experimental study of ice jam formation dynamics ASCE Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 2006,20(4):117-139
王军, 付辉, 伊明昆, 等. 冰塞水位分析 水科学进展, 2007,18(1):102-107
( WangJun, FuHui, YinMingkun, et al. Analysis of stages under ice-covered in winter Advances in Water Science, 2007,18(1):102-107 (in Chinese))
( WangJun, ZhangBaoping, ChenPangpang, et al. Experimental study of ice jam accumulation during freezing period Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2016,47(5):693-699 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
ImhofD. Risk assessment of existing bridge structures [PhD Thesis]. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 2004 [本文引用: 1]
WardhanaK, HadiprionoFC. Analysis of recent bridge failures in the united states Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 2003,17(3):124-135 [本文引用: 1]
KandasamyJK, MelvilleBW. Maximum local scour depth at bridge piers and abutments Journal of Hydraulic Research, 1998,36(2):183-198 [本文引用: 1]
NakagawaH, KawaikeK, YasuyukiB. Experiment and simulation of turbulent flow in local scour around a spur dyke International Journal of Sediment Research, 2009,24(1):33-45 [本文引用: 1]
CarrML, TuthillMA. Modeling of scour-inducing ice effects at melvin price lock and dam Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2012,138(1):85-92 [本文引用: 1]
BrownTG. Analysis of ice event loads derived from structural response Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2007,47:224-232 [本文引用: 1]
SodhiDS, HaehnelRB. Crushing ice forces on structures Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 2003,17:153-170 DOIURL [本文引用: 1]
GilbertoE, UrrozRE. Small-scal experiments on ice jam initiation in a curved channel Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1994,21(5):719-727 [本文引用: 1]
BeltaosS, LindonM, BrianC, et al. Hydraulic effects of ice breakup on bridges Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2007,34:539-548 [本文引用: 1]
YuTL, LeiJQ, LiCY, et al. Compressive strength of floating ice and calculation of ice force on bridge piers during ice collision // Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Cold Regions Engineering, Duluth, Minnesota, United States, 2009: 609-617 [本文引用: 1]
BeltaosS. River ice jam: Theory, case studies and application Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1983,109(10):1338-1359 [本文引用: 1]
BeltaosS. Advances in river ice hydrology Hydrological Processes, 2000,14:1613-1625
SuiJ, WangDS, KarneyB. Suspended sediment concentration and deformation of riverbed in a frazil jammed river reach NRC Research Press Ottawa, 2000,27(6):1120-1129 [本文引用: 1]
WangJ, ShiFY, ChenPP, et al. Impact of bridge pier on the stability of ice jam Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2015,27(6):865-871 [本文引用: 2]
KennedyRJ. Forces involved in pulpwood holding grounds The Engineering Journal, Engineering Institute of Canada, 1962,41:58-68 [本文引用: 1]
BarkerA, SayedM, TimcoG. Numerical simulation of ice interaction with a wide cylindrical pier // Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference, Anchorage, AK, United States, 2002, 617-628 [本文引用: 1]
AASHTO. Standard specifications for highway bridges American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Report Code HB-17, Washington, D.C, 2004 [本文引用: 1]
BeltaosS. River Ice Jam Colorado: Water Resources Publications, LLC, 1995, 105-146 [本文引用: 1]
ParisetE, HausserR, GagnonA. Formation of ice covers and ice jams in rivers Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1966,92(HY6):1-24 [本文引用: 1]
( ShiFayi. The mechanical analysis of river ice jam under the condition of bridge abutments disturbance [Master Thesis]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology Press, 2015 (in Chinese))
AckermannNL, ShenHT. Mechanics of ice jam formation in rivers Hanover, N.H, USA: U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 1983
CalkinsDJ, AshtonGD. Arching of fragmented ice covers Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1975,2(4):392-399
TatinclauxJC, LeeCL. Initiation of ice jams -- a laboratory study Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1978,5(2):202-212 [本文引用: 1]
CarstensenD. Flow under ice cover and jam effects // International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics, River Flow 2012, San Jose, Costa rica, 2012: 1139-1144
American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials. Subcommittee on Bridges. AASHTO LRFD Movable Highway Bridge Design Specifications AASHTO, 2010 [本文引用: 1]
( ZhuZhiwen, YuPeng. Comparative study between chinese code and us code on calculation of local scour depth around bridge piers China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2016,29(1):36-43 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
OlivetoG, HagerWH. Temporal evolution of clear-water pier and abutment scour Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2002,128(9):811-820 [本文引用: 1]
MelvilleBW, ChiewYM. Time scale for local scour at bridge piers Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 1999,125(1):59-65 [本文引用: 1]
( ChenQigang, QiMeilan, LiJinzhao, et al. Study on the features of approaching flow upstream of a circular cylinder in open channel flows based on PIV measurement Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2015,46(8):967-973 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
( ChenQigang, QiMeilan, LiJinzhao. Kinematic characteristics of horseshoe vortex upstream of circular cylinders in open channel flow Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2016,47(2):158-164 (in Chinese))
( QiMeilan, KuaiYanrong. Pier scour under influence of headcut erosion of sand pit Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2017,48(7):791-798 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
( YuPeng, ZhuZhiwen. Refined simulation for local scour around cylinder piers in tandem China Journal of Highway and Transport, 2019,32(1):111-120(in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]
LinkO, GarciaM, PizarroA, et al. Local Scour and sediment deposition at bridge piers during floods Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2020,146(2):04020003 [本文引用: 1]
YangY, MelvilleBW, MackyGH, et al. Temporal evolution of clear-water local scour at aligned and skewed complex bridge piers Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2020,146(4):04020026 [本文引用: 1]
NajafzadehM, BaraniGA, Hessami-KermaniMR. Group method of data handling to predict scour depth around vertical piles under reglar waves Scientia Iranica A, 2013,20(3):406-413 [本文引用: 1]
( LuXuejun, ChengHeqin, ZhouQuanping, et al. Features and mechanism of asymmetric double-kidneys soured geomorphology of pier in tidal estuary Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2016,38(9):118-125 (in Chinese))
AksoyAO, BombarG, ArkisT, et al. Study of the time-dependent clear water scour around circular bridge piers Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 2017,65(1):26-34 [本文引用: 1]
BatucaD, DargahiB. Some experimental results on local scour around cylindrical piers for open and covered flow // Third International Symposium on River Sedimentation, University of Mississippi, 1986: 1095-1104 [本文引用: 1]
WangJ, SuiJ, KarneyBW. Incipient motion of non-cohesive sediment under ice cover -- an experimental study Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2008,20(1):117-124 [本文引用: 1]
AckermannNL, ShenHT, OlssonP. Local scour around circular piers under ice covers // Ice in the Environment: Proceedings of the 16th IAHR International Symposium on Ice, Dunedin, New Zealand, 2002
MunteanuA. Scouring around a cylindrical bridge pier under partial ice-covered flow conditions [Master Thesis]. Canada: University of Ottawa Press, 2004
HainsD, ZabilanskyL. Laboratory test of scour under ice: Data and preliminary results. U.S Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 2004: 66-71
HainsD, ZabilanskyL. The effects of river ice on scour and sediment Transport // CGU HS Committee on River Ice Processes and the Environment 13th Workshop on the Hydraulics of Ice Covered Rivers Hanover, New Hampshire, 2005: 102-107
WuP, HirshfieldF, SuiJ, et al. Impacts of ice cover on local scour around semi-circular bridge abutment Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2014,26(1):10-18 [本文引用: 2]
WuP, HirshfieldF, SuiJ. Further studies of incipient motion and shear stress on local scour around bridge abutment under ice cover Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2014,41(10):892-899 [本文引用: 3]
WuP, HirshfieldF, SuiJ. Local scour around bridge abutments under ice covered condition-an experimental study International Journal of Sediment Research, 2015,30(1):39-47 [本文引用: 2]
WuP, HirshfieldF, SuiJ. Armour layer analysis of local scour around bridge abutments under ice cover River Research and Applications, 2015,31(6):736-746 [本文引用: 3]
NamaeeMR, SuiJ. Local scour around two side-by-side cylindrical bridge piers under ice-covered conditions International Journal of Sediment Research, 2019,34(4):355-367 [本文引用: 4]
NamaeeMR, SuiJ. Velocity profiles and turbulence intensities around side-by-side bridge piers under ice-covered flow condition Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 2020,68(1):70-82 [本文引用: 4]
NamaeeMR, SuiJ. Impact of armour layer on the depth of scour hole around side-by-side bridge piers under ice-covered flow condition Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 2019,67(3):240-251 DOIURL [本文引用: 1]
NamaeeMR, SuiJ. Effects of ice cover on the incipient motion of bed material and shear stress around side-by-side bridge piers Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2019, 165:UNSP 102811. [本文引用: 1]
( WangJun, SuYilei, HouZhixing, et al. Advances in research work regarding local scour around bridge piers/abutments under ice-covered flow condition Journal of Hydrodynamics, 2020,51(10):1248-1255 (in Chinese)) [本文引用: 1]