Soil organic carbon content in relation to soil physicochemical properties under different land use types in the Yili Valley
CUIDong1,2,3,, LIWeihong2,, ZHUChenggang2, YANGYuhai2, SUNGuojun1,2 1.College of Resources and Environment Science ,Xinjiang University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Ministry of Education,Urumqi 830046,China2.State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China3. College of Biology and Geography,Yili Normal University/Institute of Resources and Ecology,Yining 835000,China 通讯作者:李卫红,E-mail:liwh@ms.xjb.ac.cn 收稿日期:2015-12-10 修回日期:2016-06-20 网络出版日期:2016-07-25 版权声明:2016《资源科学》编辑部《资源科学》编辑部 基金资助:国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC15B03) 作者简介: -->作者简介:崔东,男,乌鲁木齐人,博士生,主要研究方向为土壤地理与环境变化。E-mail:cuidongw@126.com
关键词:不同土地利用方式;有机碳;理化性质;相关性;伊犁河谷 Abstract Soil organic carbon content from 0 to 60 cm and available nitrogen,available phosphorus,rapidly-available potassium,sucrase,urease and catalase was determined under different land use types in the Yili river Valley. Profile distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon,physical and chemical properties and intrinsic link were analyzed. The results show that organic carbon content,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium,sucrase,urease and catalase content decreased with increasing soil depth. The carbon content of grassland was higher than cultivated land,garden and forest land. The content of available N in cultivated land was higher than garden,woodland and grassland. The content of available potassium was higher than forest,farmland and grassland. The content of available phosphorus in garden was higher than cultivated land,woodland and grassland. Soil invertase,urease and catalase activity in forest were higher than in cultivated land,grassland and garden. The correlation between organic carbon and available N,available P,available K,and the activity of invertase was significant. The correlation between organic carbon and available N,available P,urease activity and catalase activity was significant. The content of organic carbon in grassland was significantly correlated with available nitrogen,available potassium,available phosphorus and two enzymes (invertase activity and urease activity). The correlation between organic carbon in forest land and available potassium,urease activity and catalase activity was significant.
Keywords:different land use types;organic carbon;physical and chemical properties;correlation;Yili Valley -->0 PDF (3188KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章收藏文章 本文引用格式导出EndNoteRisBibtex收藏本文--> 崔东, 李卫红, 朱成刚, 杨玉海, 孙国军. 伊犁河谷不同土地利用方式下土壤有机碳含量与土壤理化性质相关性分析[J]. , 2016, 38(7): 1239-1245 https://doi.org/10.18402/resci.2016.07.05 CUIDong, LIWeihong, ZHUChenggang, YANGYuhai, SUNGuojun. Soil organic carbon content in relation to soil physicochemical properties under different land use types in the Yili Valley[J]. 资源科学, 2016, 38(7): 1239-1245 https://doi.org/10.18402/resci.2016.07.05
于2014年10月在伊犁河谷地区采集了耕地,林地,草地和园地的土壤表层0~10cm,10~20cm,20~40cm和40~60cm的土样各1kg左右。共采集了33个土壤剖面,其中耕地8个,林地8个,园地6个,草地11个,共计132个样品,采样点布局如图1所示。样品采集后带回实验室后避光风干,弃去植物残体,石粒等杂质后,研磨过0.15mm和1mm的筛子,装袋备用。 显示原图|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图1样品采集分布 -->Figure 1Distribution of sampling point -->
在一般情况下,土壤有机碳含量会影响土壤营养成分,从而影响土壤肥力[14]。从表1可知,同一土地利用类型有机碳含量表现出随着土壤深度增加而呈现减小趋势。其中,耕地的变化范围在(29.93±8.74)g/kg~(39.62±7.25)g/kg之间;园地的变化范围为(32.98±4.38)g/kg~(41.53±3.07)g/kg之间;草地的变化范围为(47.07±4.02)g/kg~(58.59±2.88)g/kg之间;林地的变化范围为(44.42±7.95)g/kg~(54.24±7.49)g/kg之间。其变异系数分别为0.10%,0.09%,0.12%,0.14%,耕地的变异系数相对较大,由此可以说明耕地的不同土壤深度的有机碳含量波动相对较大,这可能与耕地的管理方式和作物种类有关,不同的管理方式与作物种类会影响有机碳的矿化分解[15]。同一土层深度不同土地利用类型的变异系数分别为0.19%,0.19%,0.23%,0.22%。由以上分析可知,土地利用方式不同,其有机碳含量的差异较大。由单因素方差分析可知:在同一土地利用类型的不同剖面深度的有机碳含量差异不显著(P<0.01);在同一土壤剖面,林地和草地的有机碳含量与耕地,园地的有机碳含量有显著差异(P<0.05)。 Table 1 表1 表1不同土地利用下的土壤剖面有机碳含量 Table 1Organic carbon content of soil profiles under different land use types
土壤速效氮,速效磷和速效钾是植物体内氮素,磷素和钾素的直接来源,同时也是土壤供给植物实际氮素、磷素和钾素能力的体现[16]。由图2a,图2b,图2c可知,速效氮、磷、钾三者的含量变化大体上来说是随着土层厚度的增加而减少,这与耕地施肥,不同作物根系吸收状况和微生物活动等有一定的联系[17]。速效氮含量表现为耕地>园地>林地>草地,耕地较园地,林地和草地分别高出1.98%~4.05%,1.29%~4.58%,3.15%~6.58%;速效磷含量表现为园地>耕地>草地>林地,园地较耕地,草地和林地多出0.18%~0.98%,0.27%~1.77%,0.96%~1.94%;速效钾含量为园地>林地>耕地>草地,园地比林地、耕地和草地要高出7.49%~8.47%,30.67%~37.17%,53.21%~60.87%。耕地和园地经常被施用氮肥,钾肥和磷肥,因此这两种土地利用方式下土壤的速效氮,速效钾和速效磷含量较林地和草地高。 土壤酶与有机碳的矿化分解及其循环关系密切,与土壤养分含量关系也十分密切,受环境的影响较大,因此土壤酶常作为土壤肥力和微生物活力的重要指标[18,19]。蔗糖酶可以把大分子糖类水解成葡萄糖供微生物生长繁殖,而过氧化氢酶活性可以反映土壤微生物活动强弱和氧化程度,脲酶可以反映土壤氮素状况,这三种酶活性的强弱对植被的生长有重要作用[20,21]。由图3a,图3b,图3c可知,三种酶活性均表现出随着土层厚度的增加而呈现减弱的趋势。在0~20cm土层蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性均为林地大于其他三种土地利用类型;在20~60cm剖面的蔗糖酶活性表现为林地>园地>耕地>草地,脲酶活性表现为林地>草地>耕地>园地,过氧化氢酶活性表现为林地>草地>园地>耕地。这与林地每年有大量枯枝落叶及残根归还土壤,使得林地土壤中微生物活动旺盛,因此林地土壤较其他三种土地利用类型的土壤酶活性高。 显示原图|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图2不同土地利用方式下土壤速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量状况 -->Figure 2Distribution of available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium under different land use types -->
显示原图|下载原图ZIP|生成PPT 图3不同土地利用方式下土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶含量状况 -->Figure 3The content of urease,sucrose and catalase under different land use types -->
3.3 不同土地利用方式有机碳含量和理化性质相关性分析
大量实验表明土壤的理化性质与有机碳含量之间存在一定的相关性[22-26]。通过对耕地,园地,草地和林地的有机碳及其理化性质的相关性分析,如表2所示。表2显示,耕地的有机碳含量与速效氮、磷、钾和蔗糖酶活性呈极显著(P<0.01)相关,与脲酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性呈显著相关(P<0.05);园地的有机碳含量与速效氮、钾以及脲酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性呈极显著(P<0.01)相关;草地的有机碳含量与速效氮、磷、钾和两种酶活性(蔗糖酶活性和脲酶活性)呈极显著(P<0.01)相关;林地的有机碳含量与速效钾,脲酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性呈极显著(P<0.01)相关,与速效氮、钾和蔗糖酶活性呈显著相关(P<0.05)。 Table 2 表2 表2四种不同土地利用方式的有机碳含量和理化性质相关性分析 Table 2The correlation analysis of soil organic carbon content and physical and chemical properties under different land use types
(1)伊犁河谷不同土地利用方式的有机碳含量表现为草地>林地>园地>耕地,草地和林地的植物归还量较大,故草地与林地中土壤有机碳储量较大,因此,要合理开发伊犁河谷土地资源,保护伊犁河谷草地和林地。 (2)伊犁河谷不同土地利用方式的脲酶活性,蔗糖酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性在0~10cm和10~20cm均表现为林地>草地>园地>耕地,20~40cm和40~60cm蔗糖酶活性表现为林地>园地>草地>耕地,脲酶表现为林地>草地>耕地>园地,过氧化氢酶活性表现为林地>草地>园地>耕地。 (3)伊犁河谷不同土地利用方式的速效氮含量表现为耕地>园地>林地>草地,速效钾含量表现为园地>林地>耕地>草地,速效磷含量表现为园地>耕地>草地>林地。 (4)伊犁河谷不同土地利用方式的有机碳含量与速效氮、磷、钾,蔗糖酶,脲酶和过氧化氢酶的相关性表明不同土地利用方式的有机碳和理化性质之间的相关性各有差异,但都呈正相关关系。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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