顾延生^1,2,,
季雅斌³,
管硕³,
刘红叶³,
米雨川³,
王翰林⁴,
李仁成⁵
1. 生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室, 中国地质大学(武汉), 湖北 武汉 430074
2. 湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室, 中国地质大学(武汉), 湖北 武汉 430074
3. 中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院, 湖北 武汉 430074
4. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 江苏 南京 210023
5. 桂林理工大学地球科学学院, 广西 桂林 541004

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：41572153）资助


详细信息

作者简介: 顾延生, 男, 48岁, 教授, 第四纪地质与生态地质学专业, E-mail: ysgu@cug.edu.cn

中图分类号: Q949.71⁺4.2;Q914.3;Q913.84

收稿日期:2018-08-27
修回日期:2018-10-28
刊出日期:2019-01-30

An introduction to the research and application of phytolith morphometrics

Gu Yansheng^1,2,,
Ji Yabin³,
Guan Shuo³,
Liu Hongye³,
Mi Yuchuan³,
Wang Hanlin⁴,
Li Rencheng⁵
1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Eco-Restoration, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei
3. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei
4. School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu
5. College of Earth Science, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, Guangxi


MSC: Q949.71⁺4.2;Q914.3;Q913.84

--> Received Date: 27 August 2018
Revised Date: 28 October 2018
Publish Date: 30 January 2019


摘要
摘要:植硅体形态测量学是植硅体研究的重要方向之一，随着学科交叉研究的深入，植硅体形态测量学在植物分类与生态学、环境考古学、全球变化与生态响应等领域得到快速发展。综合已有研究成果表明，长鞍型植硅体形态测量学在日本、中国的竹亚科属一级竹类生态学具有独特的指示作用，而扇型和长鞍型形态测量学在中国西南西双版纳竹亚科木本竹子属一级分类中具有重要的参考价值；稻亚科扇型形态测量学可以有效区分籼稻与粳稻，且扇型鱼鳞状纹饰与颖壳双峰植硅体形态测量学结合可以准确判别亚洲栽培稻与普通野生稻；黍亚科树状表皮长细胞形态测量学被成功运用到区分中国西北黍和粟及其亲缘物种的关系，葫芦科南瓜属刻面球型植硅体形态测量学揭示了野生种、半驯化种和驯化种之间植硅体形态大小及其关系，证实南美洲低地地区早全新世出现的南瓜驯化历史；中国东北不同环境条件下的禾本科羊草、芦苇植硅体形态测量学研究反映了陆生植物对全球变化的生理生态响应，为研究陆地生态系统对全球变化的响应及古环境重建提供了重要参考。
关键词: 植硅体/
形态测量学/
植物分类/
环境考古/
全球变化

Abstract:Under the background of the further development of interdisciplinary research, phytolith morphometrics has been one of the most important directions of phytolith research and contributed great progresses on plant classification and ecology, environmental archaeology, and global change and ecological response. Based on the integrated analysis on the published references, this paper worked out the results as followings. Long saddles(oblong concave saddles) from the Bambusoideae have been indicative of bamboo ecology and habitat ecology in Japan and China, while the phytolith morphometrics of cuneiform bulliform cells and long saddles have important reference values on the classification of the woody bamboos on the genus level in Xishuangbanna, southwestern China. The morphometrics of cuneiform bulliform cells of the Oryzoideae can also effectively distinguish indica rice from sinica/japonica rice, and the combinations of fish-scaled decorations of cuneiform bulliform cells and morphometrics of double-peaked glume cells can accurately distinguish the Asian domesticated rice from the common wild rice. The morphometrics of dendriform epidermis long cells from the Panicoideae has been successfully used to distinguish the relationship among common millet, foxtail millet and their related species in the Northwest China. The morphometrics of spherical scalloped phytoliths in the Cucurbita of Cucurbitaceae revealed the size and relationship among wild species, semi-domesticated species and domesticated species, which confirmed the history of exploitation of a wild species of Cucurbita in the Early Holocene in the lowland areas of South America. The phytolith morphometrics of Leymus chinensis and Phragmites australis from Poaceae in Northeast China reflects the physiological and ecological response of terrestrial plants to global changes. It provides an important reference for studying the response of terrestrial ecosystem to global change and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
Key words:phytolith/
morphometrics/
phytotaxon/
environmental archaeology/
global change



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