Theoretical Connotations and Pricing Mechanisms for Agricultural Ecological Compensation Within the Context of Green Development
ZHOU Ying,1, MEI XuRong,2, YANG Peng,2, LIU Jing31Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081 2Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081 3Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081
Abstract 【Objective】Within the context of green development, the research on mechanisms for agricultural ecological compensation has become an extremely urgent and strategic task for the protection of the ecological environment in functional agricultural areas in China. The standards for ecological compensation directly affect the actual effect of policy internalization and externality. The redefine the theoretical connotations of agricultural ecological compensation, determine the concepts and basis of compensation pricing, and are the effective way to improve the accuracy and directivity of subsidy policy. 【Method】Using normative analysis as well as inductive and deductive methods, the boundary of green development oriented agricultural ecological compensation policy was re-positioned, and the types and content of agricultural ecological compensation were systematically divided, in an attempt to develop a pricing mechanism that focused on the measurement of external effects and scientifically answer the core questions of "why compensate?" and "what to compensate?" in the field of agricultural ecological compensation. 【Result】Firstly, the connotations of ecological compensation for agricultural green development were scientifically analyzed: ecological compensation for agricultural green development is an environmentally friendly and economic means of producing spillover benefits (costs) internalization when protecting agricultural resources and the environment. The core content of compensation includes two parts: the protection compensation for agricultural resource assets, and the compensation for green agricultural production behavior. Secondly, According to the environmental impact of technology on the ecosystem, the compensation content can be divided into four types: (1) the compensation for resource development and construction, aiming at the reduction of positive externality in the environment and the loss of private interests; (2) the compensation for resource protection and utilization, aiming at a reasonable return for the preservation and proliferation of ecological capital; (3) the compensation for environmental pollution and protection, aiming at reducing the costs and losses from negative externality in the environment; (4) the compensation for environmental quality improvement, aiming to compensate for investment and income losses from improving the positive externality of the environment. Thirdly, the accounting basis of compensation standards for these four types of compensation was developed, among these standards: the compensation for resource development and construction should be based on the replacement cost of resource production or maintenance, the expected return of resource assets, and the opportunity cost of development; the compensation for resource protection and utilization should be based on the direct investment of resource protectors, the opportunity cost of development, and the ecological service value of resource protection; environmental pollution control and quality improvement belong to compensation for the application of green technology, and its compensation pricing is mainly based on the additional production costs, environmental costs, development opportunity cost, and technology spillover benefit value. 【Conclusion】The innovation of an agricultural ecological compensation system guided by green development in China includes: first, which should, on the one hand, divide the policy boundary of agricultural ecological compensation from the perspective of the environmental contribution of green production, and on the other hand, should compensate for the cost investment and personal interest loss of reducing negative environmental externalities and improving positive environmental externalities; second, from the perspective of an externality double boundary, the ideas and principles of compensation pricing shall be put forward: the compensation standard should be determined from the vertical boundary of theoretical research and the horizontal boundary of practical application, combined with the government's ability to make financial payment. Keywords:green development;agricultural ecological compensation;compensation pricing;spillover benefit;spillover cost
PDF (541KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 周颖, 梅旭荣, 杨鹏, 刘静. 绿色发展背景下农业生态补偿理论内涵与定价机制. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(20): 4358-4369 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.20.010 ZHOU Ying, MEI XuRong, YANG Peng, LIU Jing. Theoretical Connotations and Pricing Mechanisms for Agricultural Ecological Compensation Within the Context of Green Development. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(20): 4358-4369 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.20.010
资源生成或维护的重置成本、资源资产预期收益、发展机会成本 Replacement cost of resource production or maintenance, expected return of resource assets, opportunity cost of development
2
资源保护利用 Land conservation and utilization
资源保护者直接投入、发展机会成本、资源保护的生态服务功能价值 Direct investment of resource protectors, opportunity cost of development, ecological service function value of resource protection
3
环境污染治理 Environmental pollution control
额外生产成本、环境成本、发展机会成本、技术外溢效益价值 Additional production cost, environmental cost, opportunity cost of development, technology spillover benefit value
4
环境质量提升 Environmental quality improvement
额外生产成本、环境成本、发展机会成本、技术外溢效益价值 Additional production cost, environmental cost, opportunity cost of development, technology spillover benefit value
第二步,从实践应用的横向边界界定补偿标准参考阈值和定价依据。一是从补偿客体(生产者)应用实践层面确定补偿参考阈值,以农业绿色生产技术采纳的受偿意愿和支付意愿价值区间范围作为参考阈值,根据补偿对象属性确定适宜的评估尺度,以支付意愿(willingness to pay,WTP)和受偿意愿(willingness to accept,WTA)的比值为修正参数。二是从补偿主体(政府)政策实践层面确定最终补偿标准,以中央政府及地方政府实际财政支付能力为基本遵循和制定补偿标准的重要依据。
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