Effects of Heterogeneous Salinity Across Rhizosphere on the Growth of Sorghum Seedlings
ZHANG HuaWen1,3, WANG RunFeng1,3, XU MengPing1,3, LIU Bin1,3, CHEN ErYing1,3, HUANG RuiDong2, ZHOU YuFei2, WANG HaiLian,1,31 Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100 2 Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866 3 Featured Crops Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100
Abstract 【Objective】Salt content is usually unevenly distributed in saline-alkali lands. Studies on growth and development, and the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes of sorghum seedlings under non-uniform salt stress could provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation of sorghum in saline-alkali land and the efficient exploitation and utilization of saline-alkali lands.【Method】Roots of sorghum were divided into two equal portions by a root-split method and put in uniform and non-uniform NaCl concentration solution, respectively. There were four treatments. No sodium chloride (denoted as 0/0) was the control, 0 and 200 mmol·L -1(denoted as 0/200), 50 mmol·L -1 and 150 mmol·L -1(denoted as 50/150) were non-uniform salinity treatments, and 100 mmol·L -1/100 mmol·L -1 (denoted as 100/100) were uniform salinity treatment. Healthy sorghum seedlings after growing for 14 days in a growth chamber were sampled for the determination of biomass, leaf area, SPAD, root morphology, osmotic regulators content, anti-oxidative enzyme activity, and photosynthetic parameters. 【Result】 Growth of sorghum both in uniform and non-uniform salt stress conditions was severely inhibited, and significant decrease of fresh weight, biomass, leaf area, root morphology, photosynthetic capacity, anti-oxidative enzyme activity and osmotic substance content accumulation was found. Dry weight per plant was increased by 21.19% and 62.71%, fresh weights of seedlings was increased by 35.39% and 86.44%, and leaf area was increased by 13.22% and 88.66%, respectively under 50/150 and 0/200 compared with those under 100/100. Under 50/150 treatment, fresh and dry weights of roots in the 50 mmol·L -1 side were 1.90 and 2.10 times of the 150 mmol·L -1 side. Under 0/200 treatment, fresh and dry weights of roots in 0 mmol·L -1 side were increased by 3.02 and 3.75 times compared with the 200 mmol·L -1 side. Likewise, local root morphology was affected significantly in non-uniform salt treatment. Root length, root volume, root tip number, and root branch number of sorghum seedlings in 50 mmol·L -1 side or 0 mmol·L -1 were significantly increased compared with 150 mmol·L -1 (50/150) or 200 mmol·L -1 (0/200) salt stress side, respectively. Root length, root volume, root tip number, and root branch number of the whole root were significantly increased under 0/200 (P<0.05) compared with the 100/100 treatment. Activities of SOD, CAT, and POD in leaves were significantly higher under non-uniform salt stress (P<0.05). Contents of proline and soluble sugars were significantly increased in leaves with a dramatic reduce in MDA content (P<0.05) under the non-uniform salinity treatments. Compared with seedlings under the 100/100 condition. Photosynthesis of sorghum was significantly enhanced under 0/200 and 50/150 salt stresses, which chiefly was reflected by notably increased photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and decreased intercellular CO2 concentration (P<0.05). With respect to indexes of fluorescence of photosynthesis, such as ΦPSⅡ, Fv/Fm, and ETR, their values under 50/150 and 0/200 were increased by 5.64% and 19.00%, 9.25% and 18.89%, and 1.93% and 6.89%, respectively. ΦPSⅡ and Fv/Fm under 0/200 were significantly different from those under 100/100 (P<0.05).【Conclusion】Both non-uniform and uniform salt stress treatments caused growth inhibition to sorghum seedlings. However, due to the root compensatory growth of low salt or salt-free side under the non-uniform salt stress condition, whole root morphology, leaf antioxidant enzymes activity, osmotic regulation ability, and photosynthetic capacity were improved in a certain degree. Thus, non-uniform salinity could relieve damages to sorghum seedling initiated by salt stress. Keywords:sorghum bicolor;split root;non-uniform salinity;photosynthesis;fluorescence
PDF (453KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 张华文, 王润丰, 徐梦平, 刘宾, 陈二影, 黄瑞冬, 周宇飞, 王海莲. 根际盐分差异性分布对高粱幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(22): 4110-4118 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.015 ZHANG HuaWen, WANG RunFeng, XU MengPing, LIU Bin, CHEN ErYing, HUANG RuiDong, ZHOU YuFei, WANG HaiLian. Effects of Heterogeneous Salinity Across Rhizosphere on the Growth of Sorghum Seedlings[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(22): 4110-4118 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.22.015
Table 1 表1 表1分根盐处理对高粱幼苗农艺性状的影响 Table 1Effects of split-root salt stress treatments on agronomic traits of sorghum seedlings
处理Treatment
地上部 Shoot
根部 Root
整株 Whole plant
鲜重 Fresh weight (g/plant)
干重 Dry weight (g/plant)
叶面积 Leaf area (cm2)
单侧鲜重 Fresh weight of each side (g/plant)
总鲜重 Total fresh Weight (g/plant)
单侧干重 Dry weight of each side(g/plant)
总干重 Total dry weight (g/plant)
鲜重 Fresh weight (g/plant)
干重 Dry weight (g/plant)
0/0
14.93±0.57a
1.74±0.08a
171.21±6.26a
2.79±0.04b
5.57±0.08a
0.20±0.01b
0.40±0.01a
20.51±0.50a
2.14±0.09a
100/100
6.36±0.20d
0.92±0.03b
67.28±2.59c
1.35±0.06c
2.71±0.13d
0.13±0.01c
0.27±0.01b
9.07±0.32d
1.18±0.02d
50/150-50
7.86±0.03c
1.12±0.09b
76.17±0.59c
2.86±0.02b
4.06±0.11c
0.21±0.01b
0.31±0.02b
12.28±0.06c
1.43±0.09c
50/150-150
1.20±0.03d
0.10±0.01d
0/200-0
12.86±0.23b
1.54±0.02a
126.93±4.55b
3.32±0.07a
4.42±0.08b
0.30±0.01a
0.38±0.02a
16.91±0.34b
1.92±0.03b
0/200-200
1.10±0.02d
0.08±0.00d
Values in the table are means ± standard deviation (SD). The different letters of the same column indicate the significance of the difference (P< 0.05). Values on both sides of the slash mark, “/”, indicate NaCl concentrations for the corresponding root sides. 50/150-50, 50/150-150, 0/200-0, and 0/200-200 indicate the partial-root of different NaCl concentrations under the non-uniform salinity treatments. The same as below 表中数值为平均值±标准差。同一列不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。“/”两侧的数值分别代表高粱两侧根部NaCl处理浓度(mmol·L-1)。50/150-50、50/150-150、0/200-0和0/200-200表示不均匀盐处理局部根系所处的NaCl处理浓度(mmol·L-1)。下同
Table 3 表3 表3分根盐处理对高粱光合参数和荧光参数的影响 Table 3Effects of split-root salt stress treatments on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of sorghum
Table 4 表4 表4分根盐处理对叶片抗氧化酶活性与渗透调节物质含量的影响 Table 4Effects of split-root salt stress treatments on anti-oxidative enzyme activities and osmotic regulators of sorghum
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