\r马 斌，葛金钊，梁 帅，练继建\r
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AuthorsHTML:\r马 斌，葛金钊，梁 帅，练继建\r
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AuthorsListE:\rMa Bin，Ge Jinzhao，Liang Shuai，Lian Jijian\r
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AuthorsHTMLE:\rMa Bin，Ge Jinzhao，Liang Shuai，Lian Jijian\r
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Unit:\r天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室，天津 300350\r
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Unit_EngLish:\rState Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300350，China\r
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Abstract_Chinese:\r为解决高坝泄流诱发地基及场地振动而导致的泄流安全问题，依托乌东德水弹性模型，研究了开孔方式和流量对边坡振动分布特性和水垫塘底部基岩的影响，并进一步探究不同流量级的减振优化方案．结果表明：①水垫塘底部基岩的振动分布主要受水舌落点位置影响，振动加速度峰值出现在水舌落点区域附近．流量对水垫塘基岩及边坡振动的影响，在不同开孔方式下存在一定差异．表孔泄流时，水垫塘基岩的振动量值随流量增加整体上呈先增大后基本保持不变的趋势；中孔泄流时，底部基岩的振动量值与流量呈明显的正相关关系；表中联合泄流时，当表孔开孔数大于中孔开孔数，较小流量也会诱发较大的基岩振动，当表孔开孔数小于中孔开孔数，基岩振动与流量呈大致的正相关关系；②边坡767 m 高程处振动分布趋势与水垫塘底部相仿，量值有所减小．边坡827 m 高程处的振动情况较为复杂，随流量变化没有明显分布规律；③同流量级下，中孔泄流、表孔开孔数小于中孔的开孔方式诱发振动较小，表孔泄流和表孔开孔数大于中孔的开孔方式诱发振动较大；④流量较小时，可优先采用中孔泄流，此时地基和边坡振动均比较小．流量较大、超过表孔和中孔单独泄流最大流量时，表中联合泄流应确保中孔开孔数大于表孔，同时适当增大表孔开孔数，分散水舌能量．\r
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Abstract_English:\rAbstract：In order to solve the foundation and ground vibration problem induced by high dam flood discharge，the effects of discharge and gate opening modes on vibration characteristics are analyzed，and the optimization schemes for vibration of different flow levels are explored based on Wudongde hydroelastic model test. The results indicate that the vibration distribution at the bottom of the plunge pool is mainly affected by the position of the water tongue，and the peak acceleration appears near the impact point of water tongue. Moreover，the effects of discharge on the bottom and slope of the plunge pool are different. In the case of surface orifices discharge，the vibration of the plunge pool foundation generally increased first and then remains basically unchanged as the discharge increases. In the case of mid-level outlets discharge，there is a significant positive correlation between the foundation vibration and the discharge．In the case of joint flood discharge by surface and middle outlets，the ground vibration induced by flood discharge will be amplified to a certain extent when the number of opening surface orifices is larger than that of opening mid-level outlets. Moreover，there is an approximate positive correlation between the foundation vibration value and the discharge when the opening surface orifices are less than the opening mid-level outlets. The magnitude of the vertical acceleration around elevation 767 m is smaller than that at the bottom，but their distribution is similar. While the vertical acceleration around elevation 827 m is more complex and the variation law of vibration with discharge is inconspicuous. At the same discharge level，relatively small vibration is generated when the discharge and opening number of mid-level outlets are larger than those of surface orifices and relatively large vibration is generated when the discharge and opening number of mid-level outlets are smaller than those of surface orifices. When the discharge is small，the mid-level outlet discharge can be prioritized. When the discharge is larger than the maximum discharge of all the surface orifices or mid-level outlets，the joint flood discharge by surface and middle outlets should ensure the opening number of mid-level outlets is larger than that of surface orifices. Simultaneously，the more surface orifices are opened，the more water energy can be dispersed.\r
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Keyword_Chinese:乌东德；地基及场地振动；分布特性；减振优化\r

Keywords_English:Wudongde；foundation and ground vibration；distribution characteristic；optimal operation of flood discharge vibration\r


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