\r刘昌文¹，徐天舒¹，李 涛²，张俊红^{1, 3}，林杰威¹，贾宏杰¹，李宇寒¹，王静超\r¹\r
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AuthorsHTML:\r刘昌文¹，徐天舒¹，李 涛²，张俊红^{1, 3}，林杰威¹，贾宏杰¹，李宇寒¹，王静超\r¹\r
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AuthorsListE:\rLiu Changwen¹，Xu Tianshu¹，Li Tao²，Zhang Junhong^{1, 3}，Lin Jiewei¹，Jia Hongjie¹，Li Yuhan¹，Wang Jingchao\r¹\r
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AuthorsHTMLE:\rLiu Changwen¹，Xu Tianshu¹，Li Tao²，Zhang Junhong^{1, 3}，Lin Jiewei¹，Jia Hongjie¹，Li Yuhan¹，Wang Jingchao\r¹\r
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Unit:\r\r1. 天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室，天津 300072；\r
\r\r2. 陕西重型汽车有限公司，西安 710200；
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\r3. 天津大学仁爱学院，天津 301636\r
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Unit_EngLish:\r1. State Key Laboratory of Engine，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China；
2. Shaanxi Heavy Duty Automobile Co.，Ltd.，Xi’an 710200，China；
3. Tianjin University Renai College，Tianjin 301636，China\r
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Abstract_Chinese:\r\r以某三轴重型卡车为研究对象，建立了考虑人车耦合作用的\r23\r自由度动力学模型，应用谐波叠加法建立了路面激励模型作为振动系统的输入，根据拉格朗日方程推导了人车耦合模型的动力学方程并通过\r\rNewmark\r算法实现动力学方程的求解\r\r，研究了人车耦合作用对车辆和人体振动响应的影响；根据\rISO 2631-1\r：\r1997\r(\rE\r)\r中的车辆平顺性评价方法，考虑人体大腿的垂向振动和背部的垂向振动、前后振动，以人体综合振动加权加速度均方根值为指标对重型卡车的平顺性进行评价，探究了车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置和座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数对重型卡车平顺性的影响，并采用带有收缩因子的粒子群算法对车辆的平顺性进行了优化\r．\r研究结果表明：考虑人车耦合作用会改变车辆座椅、人体大腿和背部等部位的振动响应，车速较低时人车耦合作用对平顺性仿真结果的影响较大，在进行车辆平顺性仿真研究时需要考虑人车耦合的作用；在人车耦合条件下，车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置以及座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数均对车辆平顺性产生影响，且在不同参数区间范围内影响程度有所不同；综合考虑车辆悬架、驾驶室悬置以及座椅悬架的刚度阻尼参数的匹配，实现了整车平顺性优化，在不同车速下人体综合振动加权加速度均方根值与优化前相比降幅均超过\r38\r%\r，考虑多参数匹配的平顺性优化效果显著．\r\r
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Abstract_English:\r\rTaking a three-axle heavy truck as the research object\r，\ra 23-degree-of-freedom dynamics model that considers the coupling of human and vehicle effects is established\r．\rThe road surface excitation model is established as the input of the vibration system via the harmonic superposition method\r．\rThe dynamic equations of the coupled human and vehicle model are derived by the Lagrange equation and solved using the Newmark algorithm\r，\rand then the influence of human-vehicle coupling on the vehicle and human vibrations is studied\r．\rAccording to ISO 2631-1\r：\r1997\r(\rE\r)\r，\rthe RMS\r(\rroot mean square\r)\rvalue of the weighted acceleration of the human body’s integrated vibration is applied as the basis to evaluate the vehicle ride comfort\r；\rthis value considers the vertical vibration of the human thigh and the vertical and front-rear vibration of the back．The influences of the stiffness and damping of the vehicle，cab，and seat suspension on the ride comfort are analyzed．Last，the particle swarm algorithm with shrinkage factor is used to optimize the ride comfort of the vehicle．The results show that considering the coupling effect between the vehicle and the human will change the vibration response of the vehicle seat，the human thigh，and the back．When the vehicle speed is low，the coupling effect has a greater impact on the simulation results；under the condition of human-vehicle coupling，the stiffness and damping of the vehicle，cab，and seat suspension have different degrees of influence on the ride comfort in different parameter intervals；the matching of the above parameters is considered comprehensively to achieve the optimization of vehicle ride comfort．The RMS value of the weighted acceleration of the human body’s integrated vibration is reduced by more than 38% at each vehicle speed，indicating that the optimization effect considering the matching of multiple parameters is significant．\r
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Keyword_Chinese:重型卡车；平顺性；人车耦合；动力学\r

Keywords_English:heavy truck；ride comfort；human-vehicle coupling；dynamics\r


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