邱长林, 王菁, 闫澍旺, 林澍, 纪玉诚
AuthorsHTML:邱长林, 王菁, 闫澍旺, 林澍, 纪玉诚
AuthorsListE:Qiu Changlin, Wang Jing, Yan Shuwang, Lin Shu, Ji Yucheng
AuthorsHTMLE:Qiu Changlin, Wang Jing, Yan Shuwang, Lin Shu, Ji Yucheng
Unit:天津大学建筑工程学院，天津 300072
Unit_EngLish:School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Abstract_Chinese:在近海港口停泊地区, 海底管线通常埋置在碎石保护结构中, 以免遭受来自拖锚或抛锚的撞击而损伤．为评价走锚时碎石保护结构对海底管线的防护效果, 基于碎石结构的离散特点, 采用离散单元法(DEM)模拟了拖锚从细砂到碎石保护结构的运动过程, 并与室内模型试验结果对比, 验证了该方法的可行性．在此基础上, 利用离散单元法研究了碎石保护结构的抗锚害机理, 分析了不同碎石粒径、不同拖锚速度及不同初始拖锚位置时锚拖曳力、锚爪转角及锚爪爪尖轨迹等的变化规律．分析结果表明, 碎石粒径和拖锚速度越大, 锚爪爪尖在碎石层中抬升的高度越高, 越有利于保护海底管线; 从不同初始位置开始的拖锚运动, 达到稳定运动状态时的拖曳力、锚爪爪尖轨迹及锚爪转角基本相同．该结果可以为海底管线碎石保护结构的设计提供依据．
Abstract_English:Submarine pipelines are usually buried in rock armor berm to avoid being impacted by dropping or dragging anchors within the port areas. To investigate the performance of rock armor berm，a numerical model in discrete element method(DEM)is built to simulate the process of dragging hall anchor from fine sand to rock armor berms based on the discrete property of gravel. The feasibility of the model is verified by comparing the results with those of the model test. The model is used to simulate the movements of dragging anchor through different grain sizes of gravel materials，at different dragging speeds and with different initial positions. Dragging load，rotation angle of fluke and the trajectory of fluke tip are measured during the motion of anchor. Calculated results show that the larger the size of gravel materials is and the higher the dragging speed is，the farther the anchor will be away from the pipelines，which is helpful to protect pipelines; the dragging load，the rotation angle of fluke and the trajectory of fluke tip are almost the same when the anchor moves steadily forward from different initial positions. The results can be used in the design of rock armor berm in engineering.
Keyword_Chinese:碎石保护结构; 离散元; 碎石粒径; 拖锚速度; 初始位置
Keywords_English:rock armor berm; discrete element; grain size; drag speed; initial position

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