刘西汉¹, 石雅君², 姜会超³, 田海兰¹, 程林¹, 王红⁴, 王艳霞¹
1.河北省科学院 地理科学研究所 河北省地理信息开发应用工程技术研究中心, 河北 石家庄 050011;2.中国科学院 烟台海岸带研究所, 山东 烟台 264003;3.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东 烟台 264006;4.邯郸市恒达地理信息工程有限责任公司, 河北 邯郸 056011

摘要:
根据2013年8月（夏季）和2014年5月（春季）在曹妃甸邻近海域的调查资料，研究了浮游动物群落的种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种和多样性的时空变化特征，分析了其与环境因子的关系，并结合2004年调查资料对比分析了浮游动物丰度和优势种的变化特征及围填海的影响。结果表明，研究海域浮游动物共鉴定得到31种（类），以桡足类和浮游幼体为主，优势种主要包括双刺纺锤水蚤（Acartia bifilosa）、小拟哲水蚤（Paracalanus parvus）、拟长腹剑水蚤（Oithona similis）和桡足类幼体（Copepodid larva）等。春季的浮游动物丰度和生物量均高于夏季，多样性和均匀度指数均低于夏季。浮游动物丰度的空间分布主要受温度、叶绿素a（Chl-a）等环境因子影响，春季基本为近岸高、远岸低的空间分布规律，夏季则相反，基本为近岸低、远岸高的空间分布规律。与2004年相比，本次调查春季和夏季的浮游动物丰度明显下降，可能与浮游植物丰度及DIP浓度降低有关。春季，西侧、东侧海域的浮游动物丰度分别明显降低、升高，与围填海后营养盐重新分布促进了东侧海域浮游植物增殖有关。夏季则主要受河流输入影响，浮游动物丰度的变化不具有空间差异。
关键词:浮游动物时空变化环境因子围填海曹妃甸
DOI：10.11759/hykx20200601004
分类号:P735
基金项目:河北省科学院两院合作项目（13128）；河北省科学院科技计划项目（20105）；河北省自然科学基金项目（D2020302004）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（41676117，41776126）

Spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton community and their influential factors in Caofeidian coastal waters
LIU Xi-han¹, SHI Ya-jun², JIANG Hui-chao³, TIAN Hai-lan¹, CHENG Lin¹, WANG Hong⁴, WANG Yan-xia¹
1.Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application, Institute of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, China;2.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China;3.Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;4.Handan Hengda Geographic Information Engineering Co., Ltd., Handan 056011, China
Abstract:
Based on two surveys conducted in August 2013 and May 2014 in Caofeidian coastal waters, we studied the temporal and spatial variations of species composition, abundance, biomass, dominant species, and the diversity of the zooplankton community; analyzed their relationships with environmental factors; and compared it with an investigation in 2004 to discuss the changes of zooplankton abundance and dominant species and reclamation impacts. A total of 31 species were identified, which were mainly composed of copepod and larvae. Dominant species include Acartia bifilosa, Paracalanus parvus, Oithona similis, and Copepodid larva. Compared to summer, spring exhibited higher values in zooplankton abundance and biomass but lower values in diversity and in the evenness index. Zooplankton' spatial distribution of abundance was largely related to seawater temperature and chlorophyll a (Chl-a). Zooplankton abundance showed a roughly decreasing trend from inshore to offshore waters in spring, whereas showing a converse pattern with high values distributed in offshore waters in summer. A comparison with the investigation in 2004 revealed an obvious decline of zooplankton abundance in spring and summer, possibly due to the decrease of dissolved inorganic phosphorus and phytoplankton abundance. The western (eastern) waters showed a decrease (an increase) in zooplankton abundance in spring, which is related to the promoted phytoplankton proliferation induced by nutrient redistribution after reclamation. The study area was mainly impacted by riverine inputs in summer, and the changes in zooplankton abundance showed no obvious spatial variation.
Key words:zooplanktonspatial and temporal variationsenvironmental factorreclamationCaofeidian





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