马士德^1,2, 赵生俊^1,3, 刘欣⁴, 李科¹, 严清冉⁵, 李丽娜⁵, 韩文⁵, 许健平⁵, 王启冉⁶, 张杰¹, 段继周¹
1.中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;2.中国老教授协会 海洋防腐防污专业委员会, 山东 青岛 266071;3.哈尔滨工业大学(威海), 山东 威海 264209;4.青岛科技大学, 山东 青岛 266042;5.青岛东启机械设备有限公司, 山东 青岛 266071;6.南京理工大学 设计艺术与传媒学院, 江苏 南京 210094

摘要:
本文介绍了铝（Al）基牺牲阳极在青岛中港海鸥浮码头超期服役五年半的阴极保护情况。现场勘查结果发现少部分Al阳极是以“苞”状出现，暂命名为“阳极苞”。其外层为以苔藓虫（Bryozoa/Polyzoa）为主体的生物群落构成的具有一定强度的生物硬壳，内层为白色膏状物，暂命名为“阳极泥”。对生物硬壳进行了生物鉴定，利用扫描电镜（scanning electron microscope，SEM）测试其微观结构，红外光谱（infrared spectroscopy，IR）测定其化学组成，结果表明该生物硬壳由复杂的有机混合物组成，并且具有微米级多孔结构；对“阳极泥”进行了酸碱性测定、能谱分析（energy dispersive spectrometer，EDS）及X射线衍射（X-ray diffraction，XRD）分析，结果表明“阳极泥”主要由铝的水合氧化物和污损生物的代谢产物及机体分解产物组成。在此基础上初步讨论了“阳极苞”的形成过程及其对阴极保护的影响。
关键词:Al基牺牲阳极阴极保护生物污损阳极苞
DOI：10.11759/hykx20170606003
分类号:TG174
基金项目:国家海洋局公益性项目（201405013-4）；国家重点基础研究项目（2014CB643304）

Biofouling of Al based sacrificial anode——analysis of “anode bract”
MA Shi-de^1,2, ZHAO Sheng-jun^1,3, LIU Xin⁴, LI Ke¹, YAN Qing-ran⁵, LI Li-na⁵, HAN Wen⁵, XU Jian-ping⁵, WANG Qi-ran⁶, ZHANG Jie¹, DUAN Ji-zhou¹
1.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Technical Committee on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, China Senior Professors Association, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;4.Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;5.Qingdao Dongqi Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266071, China;6.School of Desigh Art & Media, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Abstract:
This paper introduces the cathodic protection situation of Al based sacrificial anode in Qingdao Zhonggang seagull floating dock which extended service five and a half years, field investigation showed that a small part of Al anodes appeared in the form of "bract", tentatively named "anode bract". The outer layer is a biological hard shell composed of a biological group with bryozoan as the main body, and the inner layer is a white paste, which is called "anode mud" in this paper. The biological shell was identified by bioassay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to test its microstructure, infrared spectroscopy (IR) was used to determine its chemical composition, the results show that the biological shell consists of complex organic mixtures, and it has micron scale porous structure; at the same time, we have carried out acid base test, energy spectrum analysis (EDS) and X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of "anode mud", and results show that the anode mud is mainly composed of the aluminum oxide hydrate and the metabolites and decomposition products of fouling organism. On this basis, we have discussed the formation process of "anode bract" and its influence on cathodic protection.
Key words:Al based sacrificial anodecathodic protectionbiofoulinganode bract





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