郭术津^1,2,3, 孙晓霞^1,2,3,4, 郑珊^1,2,3, 罗璇¹, 朱明亮^1,2,3, 梁俊华^1,2,3
1.中国科学院海洋研究所胶州湾海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 山东 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

摘要:
研究了热带西太平洋雅浦Y3海山冬季和马里亚纳M2海山春季网采浮游植物群落结构，对调查区浮游植物的物种组成、优势种类、细胞丰度以及多样性指数进行了分析。结果表明，两个海山区共鉴定浮游植物4门50属219种，其中硅藻门30属106种，甲藻门17属112种，蓝藻门1属2种，金藻门2属3种。两个航次研究区浮游植物优势种均以链状硅藻如根管藻（Rhizosolenia）、半管藻（Hemiaulus）和角毛藻（Chaetoceros）等属的种类为主，此外太阳漂流藻（Planktoniella sol）、铁氏束毛藻（Trichodesmium thiebautii）以及部分角藻（Ceratium）物种优势度也比较明显。Y3海山区浮游植物细胞丰度介于1.60~16.61 cells/L，平均值为5.02 cells/L； M2海山区浮游植物细胞丰度介于1.36~10.20 cells/L，平均值为4.12 cells/L。两个海山区浮游植物细胞丰度的分布趋势均受硅藻影响较大，甲藻细胞丰度相对较低。在属的水平上，角毛藻、根管藻、角藻和半管藻等属的细胞丰度对两个海山区浮游植物总细胞丰度的贡献较大。多样性指数方面，Y3海山区浮游植物群落香农-威纳指数H'（shannon-wiener index）介于3.95~4.69，平均值为4.30； M2海山区浮游植物群落香农-威纳指数介于3.23~4.46，平均值为3.83。两个海山区浮游植物群落多样性指数均处于较高水平，但站位间的变化不明显。目前，关于热带西太平洋海山区浮游植物群落结构的研究还非常缺乏，亟需后续研究的补充。
关键词:浮游植物群落结构物种组成细胞丰度海山热带西太平洋
DOI：10.11759/hykx20180528003
分类号:Q948.8
基金项目:中国科学院海洋先导科技专项项目（A类）（XDA11030204）；国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2014CB441504）；国家自然科学基金项目（31700425，91751202）

Net phytoplankton community structure in the Y3 and M2 seamount zone in the Western Tropical Pacific
GUO Shu-jin^1,2,3, SUN Xiao-xia^1,2,3,4, ZHENG Shan^1,2,3, LUO Xuan¹, ZHU Ming-liang^1,2,3, LIANG Jun-hua^1,2,3
1.Jiaozhou Bay National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:
Two cruises were carried out in the Y3 and M2 seamount zones of the western Pacific in winter 2014 and spring 2016, respectively. The net-phytoplankton community structure including species composition, dominant species composition, cell abundance, and diversity index, was studied. In total, 219 species belonging to 4 phyla and 50 genera were identified. The phytoplankton community was mainly composed of diatoms and dinoflagellates with 106 taxa in 30 genera of diatoms and 112 taxa in 17 genera of dinoflagellates; in addition, several species of Chrysophyta and Cyanophyta were observed. In both cruises, the dominant species found in the study area were mostly chain-form diatoms of the genera Rhizosolenia, Hemiaulus, and Chaetoceros. Other dominant species include Planktoniella sol, Trichodesmium thiebautii, and several species of the genus Ceratium. The phytoplankton cell abundances ranged from 1.60 to 16.61 cells/L (mean=5.02±4.35 cells/L) in the Y3 seamount zone in winter, 2014 and 1.36 to 10.20cells/L (mean=4.12±2.44 cells/L) in the M2 seamount zone in spring, 2016. Moreover, in both cruises, it was found that diatoms dominated the distribution pattern of phytoplankton cell abundance. Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia, Ceratium, and Hemiaulus were the four phytoplankton genera that contributed most to total phytoplankton cell abundance in the study area. The Shannon-wiener diversity index was also calculated, and it ranged from 3.95 to 4.69 (mean=4.30±0.23) in Y3 seamount zone in winter 2014 and 3.23 to 4.46 (mean=3.83±0.34) in M2 seamount zone in spring 2016. This study can provide useful information for understanding the biological ecosystem in the western tropical Pacific seamount zones, and in the future, further studies should be carried out on the phytoplankton communities in this area.
Key words:phytoplanktoncommunity structurespecies compositioncell abundanceseamountWestern Tropical Pacific





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