摘要/Abstract
摘要： 目的 ·探讨大鼠脊髓损伤后直肠平滑肌结构的变化。方法 ·取成年雌性 SD大鼠 20只，随机均分为脊髓损伤组和正常对照组 2组。脊髓损伤组于 L5与 L6腰间神经节之间完全离断脊髓，正常对照组不做处理。 3个月后，采用活性炭悬浮液灌胃法测定肠道通过时间并记录 24 h排便量；随后取肛门近端约 1 cm处的直肠组织，行苏木精 -伊红（ H-E）染色、 Masson染色以及免疫组织化学染色观察大鼠直肠平滑肌的变化。结果 ·与正常对照组比较，脊髓损伤组大鼠肠道通过时间显著延长， 24 h排便量显著减少（P0.000）。 H-E染色结果显示，脊髓损伤后大鼠直肠平滑肌细胞排列顺序紊乱； Masson染色结果显示，脊髓损伤后大鼠直肠平滑肌层呈纤维化改变；免疫组织化学染色结果显示，脊髓损伤后大鼠直肠平滑肌 α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（ α smooth muscle actin，α-SMA）表达量下降。结论 ·脊髓损伤后，大鼠出现排便功能障碍，其直肠平滑肌结构亦发生显著变化，主要表现为平滑肌层萎缩变性、纤维化以及 α-SMA表达量下降。
关键词: 脊髓损伤, 排便功能, 直肠, 平滑肌
Abstract:
Objective · To investigate the changes of rectal smooth muscle structure after spinal cord injury in rats. Methods · Twenty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., spinal cord injury group and control group. In the spinal cord injury group, the spinal cord was completely disconnected between L5 and L6, and control group was not surgically treated. After 3 months, gastric instillation was used to measure the intestinal transit time with the administration of activated carbon suspension and the mass of fecal pellets within 24 h was recorded. Then the rectal tissue was taken at about 1 cm proximal to the anus. The changes of rat rectal smooth muscle were detectedhematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry staining. Results · Gastric instillation showed that compared with control group, the intestinal transit time of spinal cord injury group significantly prolonged, and the mass of fecal pellets within 24 h significantly reduced. H-E staining showed that the arrangement of rat rectal smooth muscle cells was disordered after spinal cord injury. Masson staining showed fibrotic changes in the rectal smooth muscle layer of rats after spinal cord injury. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the of α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in rat rectal smooth muscle decreased after spinal cord injury. Conclusion · After spinal cord injury, rats present defecation dysfunction. The structure of rectal smooth muscle also changes significantly, mainly including smooth muscle atrophy, fibrosis and decreased α-SMA .
Key words: spinal cord injury, defecation function, rectum, smooth muscle
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