摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的 ·研究上海市老年人群中四肢血压差别异常的患病情况及相关因素。方法 · 2016—2018年，整群抽取上海青浦区赵巷镇 60岁及以上老年人。收集一般资料，测量身高、体质量、血压等，抽取空腹静脉血，检测血常规、血糖、血脂、血肌酐等生化指标；并使用动脉硬化检测仪同时测量四肢血压，计算踝臂指数、双臂间收缩压差值和双踝间收缩压差值等指标。多元 Logistic回归分析四肢血压差别异常的相关因素。结果 ·共纳入 4 090名研究对象，平均年龄为（ 68.5±7.6）岁，其中男性占 44.6%。高血压和糖尿病患者分别占 60.1%和 8.6%；踝臂指数≤ 0.90、双臂间收缩压差值≥ 15 mmHg（1 mmHg0.133 kPa）及双踝间收缩压差值≥ 15 mmHg的患病率分别为 2.7%、1.9%和 8.4%。在纳入年龄、性别、体质量指数（ BMI）、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病、总胆固醇、三酰甘油等因素后，多元 Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、高血压是 3个四肢血压差别指标异常的相关因素；踝臂指数≤ 0.90的相关因素还包括糖尿病、总胆固醇及吸烟；双臂间血压差值≥ 15 mmHg的相关因素还包括 BMI；双踝间血压差值≥ 15 mmHg的相关因素还包括 BMI及糖尿病。结论 ·四肢血压差别异常在上海老年人群中较常见，高龄、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常以及肥胖、吸烟等是上海老年人四肢血压差别异常的危险因素。
关键词: 四肢血压, 踝臂指数, 双臂间血压差值, 双踝间血压差值, 老年人
Abstract:
Objective · To investigate the prevalence and related factors of abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference in elderly people in Shanghai. Methods · 2016 to 2018, the elderly aged 60 years and over in Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai were selectedcluster sampling. General data was collected. Height, body mass, and blood pressure were measured. Fasting venous blood was taken for routine blood test, blood glucose, blood lipids, serum creatinine and other biochemical indicators. Four limb blood pressures were measured simultaneouslyVascular Profiler-1000 device, which ankle-brachial index, inter-arm systolic pressure difference and inter-ankle systolic pressure difference were calculated. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference. Results · A total of 4 090 subjects were enrolled with an average age of (68.5±7.6) years, of which 44.6% were males. The people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus accounted for 60.1% and 8.6%, respectively. The prevalence of ankle-brachial index ≤0.90, inter-arm systolic pressure difference ≥15 mmHg (1 mmHg0.133 kPa) and inter-ankle systolic pressure difference ≥15 mmHg were 2.7%, 1.9%, and 8.4%, respectively. After incorporating age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol, the results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age and hypertension were the related factors of the three indicators for abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference. The related factors of ankle-brachial index≤ 0.90 also included diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol and smoking; the related factors of inter-arm systolic pressure difference ≥15 mmHg also included BMI; the related factors of inter-ankle systolic pressure difference ≥15 mmHg also included BMI and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion · Abnormal four-limb blood pressure difference is prevalent among the elderly in Shanghai, of which old age, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and smoking are risk factors.
Key words: four-limb blood pressure, ankle-brachial index, inter-arm blood pressure difference, inter-ankle blood pressure difference, elderly


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