摘要/Abstract

近几十年来, 由温室效应所导致的气候变暖、海平面上升等环境问题日趋严重, 科学家们一直致力于研究可高效转化二氧化碳(CO₂)等温室气体的技术. 以太阳能为驱动力的光催化技术, 可将CO₂转化成甲烷、甲醇、甲酸或C₂₊等高附加值的碳氢燃料, 同时缓解温室效应和能源危机. 二维(2D)材料因具有超大的比表面积和独特的电子结构, 在光催化还原CO₂领域受到广泛的关注. 基于此, 作者综述了近年来2D材料实现CO₂分子高效转化的研究进展, 重点剖析了2D材料在光还原反应中的构-效关系, 并探讨了黑磷、石墨炔和共价有机框架化合物等新型2D材料作为CO₂光还原催化剂的发展潜力, 最后总体展望了CO₂光还原领域的研究前景和发展趋势.
关键词: 二维材料, 光催化, CO2光还原, 构-效关系
In past decades, global warming, sea level rising, and other climate problems caused by greenhouse effect are becoming more and more serious. Considerable efforts have been paid on developing new technology that can effectively reduce the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide (CO₂), the most representative one of greenhouse gases. Solar-driven conversion of CO₂ into high value-added hydrocarbon fuels is considered as the most promising approach to alleviate the current energy crisis and the rising CO₂ level. Benefiting from their high specific surface area and novel electronic structures, two dimensional (2D) materials have drawn intense interest in the field of CO₂ photoreduction. Herein, the latest development of 2D materials for photocatalytic CO₂ reduction is presented, with special emphasis given to the structure-activity relationship in catalytic reactions. The potentials of newly emerged 2D materials including black phosphorus, graphdiyne and covalent organic frameworks as the next generation photocatalysts for CO₂ reduction are then discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in the field of CO₂ photoreduction are featured on the basis of its current development.
Key words: two-dimensional materials, photocatalysis, CO2 photoreduction, structure-activity relationship


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