摘要/Abstract

植物病原菌严重危及农作物的生产安全.为了寻找新型的抑菌剂，通过合理的分子拼接，将苯甲酸类和苯酚类药效团引入异喹啉的2-位，设计并合成了15个2-芳基-3，4-二氢异喹啉衍生物，利用核磁共振和高分辨质谱鉴定了化合物结构.初步离体抑菌结果显示，大部分化合物对11种受试植物病原菌都具有中等到显著的抑制活性，与阳性对照样（百菌清、多菌灵）相当.2-（3-乙氧羰基苯基）-3，4-二氢异喹啉溴化盐（4j）对水稻纹枯病菌的EC₅₀为3.8495 mg·mL^－1，优于对照样百菌清（4.6328 mg·mL^－1）.其中有5个化合物对小麦纹枯病菌的EC₅₀（7.4583～15.4495 mg·mL^－1）都优于百菌清（16.0137 mg·mL^－1），其中2-（4-甲氧羰基苯基）-3，4-二氢异喹啉溴化盐（4f）最为显著，为植物源抑菌剂的开发提高了理论基础.
关键词: 2-芳基-3,4-二氢异喹啉, 植物源, 抑菌剂, 构效关系
In order to discover more potent antifungal, a series of 2-aryl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-iums were reasonable designed and productive synthesized by introducing benzoic acid and phenol pharmacophores into the 2-position of isoquinoline. Their structures were identified by NMR and HRMS. The preliminary in vitro antifungal results showed that most of the title compounds exhibited moderate to significant inhibitory activities against various phytopathogenic fungi at 50 mg·mL^-1, and were equal to controls (chlorothalonil, carbendazim). The concentration of 50% inhibition rate (EC₅₀) of 2-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-ium (4j) against R. solani was 3.8495 mg·mL^-1, which was significantly superior to chlorothalonil (4.6328 mg·mL^-1). All the EC₅₀ values of 5 compounds (7.4583~15.4495 mg·mL^-1) against R. cerealis were better than chlorothalonil (16.0137 mg·mL^-1), and 2-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-ium (4f) is the best one. The present results provide valuable information for development of plant-based antifungal agents.
Key words: 2-aryl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-ium, botanical, antifungal activity, structure-activity relationship


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