摘要/Abstract

芳香族硝基化合物是一类重要的化学原料和有机合成中间体.传统的亲电硝化反应难以做到区域选择性地定位硝化.近几十年来，过渡金属催化的C-H键活化反应得到了快速发展，目前大多数官能团都可以通过过渡金属与导向基团的螯合作用引入芳烃的特定位置.钯、钌及铑等过渡金属催化的导向基团辅助芳烃C-H键硝化反应研究副产物较少，具有很好的区域选择性，更加绿色环保，已经取得了重要的进展.根据不同的过渡金属催化剂进行分类，综述了导向基团辅助的惰性C-H键硝化反应研究进展，对该研究领域的局限性和未来的发展前景进行总结和展望.
关键词: 过渡金属催化, 惰性C-H键, 硝化反应, 芳香族硝基化合物
Aromatic nitro compounds are of great importance as chemical raw materials and organic synthesis intermediates. Traditional electrophilic nitration is difficult to achieve regioselective nitrification. In recent years, transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond activation has developed rapidly. Most functional groups can be introduced into specific sites of aromatics through the chelation of transition metals with directing groups. Directing-group assisted C-H nitration, which is catalyzed by palladium, rhodium, ruthenium and other transition-metal, has made important progress due to its less byproducts, good regioselectivity and environmental protection. According to different transition metal catalysts, the research progress on transition-metal-catalyzed directing-group assisted C-H nitration is summarized, and the limitations of the research field and prospects for future develop-ment are presented.
Key words: transition metal-catalyzed, inert C-H bonds, nitration, aromatic nitro compounds


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