摘要
摘要:在当前食物安全问题日益突出、粮食生产不稳定的情况下，从食物营养的角度分析和评价区域食物供给服务功能具有重要的意义。以广西壮族自治区为研究区，结合食物营养成分转化率和国家营养物摄入量的要求，将各类土地农产品折算成食物热量统一核算，分析和估算广西土地农产品食物热量供给服务功能的时空变化特征及其供需平衡。结果表明：1)2015年广西农产品食物供给热量为4.46×10¹⁴ kJ，主要来源于谷物杂粮类和蔗糖(占85.47%以上)，单位人均食物热量为9.31×10⁶ kJ·人^-1。2)2000—2015年间，广西蔗糖和果蔬类供给热量增长最多，粮食和油类则呈现波动变化趋势。广西食物热量总量上持续增长且较为富余，按照小康生活水平的标准，食物热量理论上可供养人口高于广西实际人口数；但食物热量分布不均衡，谷类食物供给热量占比逐年下降，个别县市食物热量人口承载能力低。3)在空间上，广西食物供给丰富的区域主要集中在水土光热条件较好、地势平坦的广西中部和南部地区的平原、盆地和缓丘台地等农业主产区，未来应加强这些地区的耕地保护。广西应重视和加强谷物杂粮类粮食的生产和保护，因地制宜、合理分区，优化农业主产区种植结构，提高生产管理水平与规模化生产能力，加强区域间粮食流通与贸易，以实现食物供给安全和可持续发展。
关键词:食物供给/
食物热量/
农产品/
供需平衡/
时空格局/
广西
Abstract:As society and food consumption changes, more people are paying attention to the food supply chain as part of a healthier lifestyle. Understanding the spatial-temporal characteristics of food provisioning services is important for policy decisions regarding production capacity, especially in places with unstable food availability and unbalanced nutrition. The food provisioning service of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR) was assessed based on calories from 2000 to 2015. The nutrition consumption standards were also used to calculate food provision calories. The results showed that in 2015, the caloric output totaled 4.46×10¹⁴ kJ; calories from grains and cereals were the most abundant, followed by sucrose, and then oils (grains and sucrose were 85.47% of the total caloric intake). From 2000 to 2015, calories from sucrose, fruits, and vegetables increased significantly, while the calories from grains and oils fluctuated. The overall food provision increased steadily, resulting in a surplus; the calories per person increased from 7.87×10⁶ kJ (2000) to 9.31×10⁶ kJ (2015). In 2015, the total and surplus calories supported population sizes of 103.28 million and 53.03 million, respectively (with a 'well-off' quality standard), which exceeded the total GZAR population (55.18 million). However, the proportion of calories from grains decreased yearly and was only 52.2% by 2015. In 23.3% of the counties and cities, less than 50% of the calories from grains were provided, indicating that calories were unevenly distributed, and some counties had a low grain-calorie capacity. The high caloric output areas were in the plains, basins, and valleys of the central-southern GZAR, where sufficient light, heat, flat fertile land, and water resources were available (e.g., Xingbin District, Wuming and Hengxian counties, and the cities of Guigang and Qinzhou). The low caloric output areas were in the northwest mountain region and urban areas. Therefore, protecting croplands in the high-yield regions and developing unused lands for sustainable food provision are important for the GZAR. Optimizing agricultural production for the local conditions, improving the production management and large-scale production capacity levels, and strengthening the regional grain trade may contribute to the sustainable development and security of the GZAR food supply.
Key words:Food provision/
Calorie of food/
Agricultural products/
Supply and demand balance/
Spatial-temporal pattern/
Guangxi



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