摘要:针对Ad Hoc网络路由发现过程中广播路由请求分组导致的广播风暴问题，提出了一种基于节点度估计和静态博弈转发策略的Ad Hoc网络路由协议NGRP.NGRP考虑边界影响，采用分段函数的思想将网络场景分为中心、边和角区域，分别估算网络中节点在不同区域的节点度，避免了周期性广播Hello消息获取节点度导致的开销；NGRP路由请求分组的转发采用静态博弈转发策略，利用节点度估算参与转发路由请求分组的节点数量，将转发和不转发作为策略集合，设计效益函数，通过纳什均衡获得节点转发路由请求分组的转发概率，从而减少了路由请求分组广播过程中产生的大量的冗余、竞争和冲突，提高了路由发现过程中路由请求分组的广播效率.运用NS-2对协议的性能进行大量的仿真，结果表明：NGRP的分组投递率、路由开销、MAC层路由开销和吞吐率这4项指标明显优于AODV+FDG，AODV with Hello和AODV without Hello协议.



Abstract:To alleviate the broadcast storm problem caused by broadcasting the route request packets in the route discovery process, a node degree estimation and static game forwarding based routing protocol (NGRP) for ad hoc networks is proposed. NGRP adopts the idea of piecewise function to estimate the node degree when the nodes are in center, borderline and corner area respectively, which avoids unnecessary overhead caused by broadcasting Hello message periodically. NGRP applies the static game forwarding strategy to forward the route request packets, where the number of participating wireless nodes is the node degree and the strategy set is forwarding and not forwarding. According to Nash equilibrium, the forwarding probability can be calculated. NGRPP reduces the redundant retransmission and the chance of the contention and collision among neighboring nodes in the networks, increases the efficiency of the route request packets forwarding. The simulation results demonstrate preliminarily that NGRP improves the packet delivery fraction and throughput, reduces the normalized routing load and normalized MAC load, which all compare with AODV+FDG, AODV with Hello and AODV without Hello.



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