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摘要工业应用需要粒度均匀、球形度良好的中间相炭微球(MCMB)。反应条件、原料性质对MCMB性能有很大影响。以煤软沥青为原料,采用热缩聚法制备MCMB, 分别考察了反应过程温度、时间、压力等反应条件,以及原料软化点、原生喹啉不溶物(QI)等性质对MCMB粒度分布、形貌的影响情况。结果表明: 在一定范围内,热聚温度的升高,或聚合时间的延长,都会使炭微球粒径逐渐增大,粒度分布变窄,粒度变得均匀; 过低的反应压力使轻组分逸出,体系粘度升高,得不到规则的小球; 原料软化点低、体系粘度小,有利于小球的自由运动、融并、生长成粒度均匀的MCMB; 原料中QI是MCMB形成和发展的核心,原生QI粒度差别太大,会导致MCMB大小不均匀,甚至两极分化; 除去原料中粒径过大的QI, 有利于得到粒度均匀的MCMB。
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| 关键词 ：煤沥青,原料性质,反应条件,中间相炭微球(MCMB),直径分布,形貌 |
Abstract：Industrial application needs mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) with even particle size distribution and good sphericity, while the reaction conditions and raw material property may influence the MCMB property stated above. MCMB was prepared by thermal polymerization with coal tar pitch as the raw material, with the effects of reaction conditions i.e., the temperature, time and pressure, as well as raw material properties including the soft point and quinolone-insoluble (QI) on the particle size distribution and appearance of MCMB being investigated. The results show that within a certain range, the increase of the reaction temperature or reaction time during thermal polymerization helps the grow of MCMB, and the particle size distribution becomes more narrow with granularity becoming homogeneous. Too low pressure makes the light components of the reaction system escape and the system viscosity quickly increase, which is not conducive to gain the spherical appearance. Low soft points of raw materials and small viscosities of the reaction system are helpful for the free motion and fusion of the microbeads growing to MCMB with even particle sizes. The primary QI in the raw material is the core for the formation and growth of MCMB, and if the particle sizes of the primary QI are too different, the size of MCMB will become uneven with MCMB polarized. The MCMB with even particle sizes can be obtained by removing the QI with too large particle sizes in the raw material.
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| Key words：coal tar pitchproperty of raw materialreaction conditionmesocarbon microbead (MCMB)particle size distributionappearance |
| 收稿日期: 2014-01-20 出版日期: 2015-04-16 |
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| 基金资助:北京市教委科学研究面上项目(KM201210017003);北京市大学生研究训练URT项目(2013X00030) |
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