永磁直流电机定子的振动分析

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

永磁直流电机定子的振动分析

曹海翔¹, 沈靖文¹, 王善铭¹, 牟佳男², 杨占录¹, 洪剑锋¹

1. 清华大学电机工程与应用电子系, 电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室, 北京 100084;
2. 国家电网公司国家电力调度控制中心, 北京 100031

Analyses of permanent magnet DC motor stator vibrations

CAO Haixiang¹, SHEN Jingwen¹, WANG Shanming¹, MU Jianan², YANG Zhanlu¹, HONG Jianfeng¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation Equipments, Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. National Electric Power Dispatching and Control Center, State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing 100031, China

摘要:

输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要永磁直流电机的定子振动具有鲜明的特性，对它的分析对于分析其他各类电机的振动具有借鉴作用。该文用解析法分析了电机内的磁场和径向电磁激振力，从物理概念上定性解释了直流电机振动的特征。特别地，指出永磁直流电机槽频电磁激振力的阶数与定子振动形态的空间阶数不同。为准确计算电机振动，利用电磁场有限元仿真了电机内的磁场与电磁力分布，并采用结构场有限元对定子振动进行了仿真。针对试验测试，指出为得到定子振动形态特征，需要在定子上测量足够多的测点。并在一台实际的直流电机上进行振动测试，试验结果与仿真结果相符。

关键词 ：永磁直流电机,电磁激振力,振动,振动形态

Abstract：Stator vibrations in permanent magnet DC motors have distinct characteristics which are also useful for analyzing other types of motors. The magnetic fields and the electromagnetic forces in permanent magnet DC motors were analyzed to characterize the physical mechanisms driving the vibrations. The order of the slot-frequency electromagnetic exciting force is not equal to the spatial order of the stator slot-frequency vibration shape. Accurate analyses of the vibrations inputs the magnetic field and electromagnetic force distributions calculated by finite element simulations into a structural finite element simulation to predict the stator vibrations. Experiments must have enough sensors to obtain the vibration mode shape. The predictions agree well with data from DC motor tests.

Key words：permanent magnet DC motor electromagnetic exciting force vibration mode of vibration

收稿日期: 2016-09-21 出版日期: 2017-01-20

ZTFLH:

TM331+.3

通讯作者:王善铭,副教授,E-mail:wangsm96@mails.tsinghua.edu.cnE-mail: wangsm96@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

引用本文:

曹海翔, 沈靖文, 王善铭, 牟佳男, 杨占录, 洪剑锋. 永磁直流电机定子的振动分析[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 57(1): 89-94,99.
CAO Haixiang, SHEN Jingwen, WANG Shanming, MU Jianan, YANG Zhanlu, HONG Jianfeng. Analyses of permanent magnet DC motor stator vibrations. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2017, 57(1): 89-94,99.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2017.21.017或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2017/V57/I1/89

图表:

图1 永磁直流电机的截面图

图2 永磁体表面径向磁通密度分布

图3 永磁体表面圆周上径向力密度分布

图4 永磁体表面中心点磁通密度随时间变化

图5 每个磁极下的转子槽数为2.5时的磁极受力

图6 每个磁极下的转子槽数为２时的磁极受力

图7 磁极受不平衡力产生的定子的变形

图8 永磁直流电机定子三维简化模型及网格剖分

表１　材料属性

图9 1200Hz的槽频定子振动

图10 传感器位置分布

图11 点a7的振动加速度频谱

图12 360°范围内测量结果

图13 180°范围内测量结果

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