| 金属蠕变的实时超声检测实验研究 |
| 原可义, 韩赞东, 钟约先, 陈以方 |
| 清华大学 机械工程系, 先进成形制造教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084 |
| Experimental research on real-time ultrasonic detection of pure metal creep |
| YUAN Keyi, HAN Zandong, ZHONG Yuexian, CHEN Yifang |
| Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
摘要:
| |||
| 摘要目前绝大多数蠕变超声检测研究都是使用常温且无应力的蠕变试样进行检测实验, 在该条件下测得的超声检测参数值与实时(维持蠕变温度和蠕变应力)测得的蠕变参数值有一定的差异, 影响对检测对象蠕变程度的准确判断。该文使用纯铅进行连续蠕变实验, 并在实验过程中进行实时超声检测, 获得了蠕变过程和松弛过程中的超声实时检测信号, 对此信号进行处理, 得到了衰减、声速、时间衰减等参数随蠕变程度的实时变化曲线。实验结果表明: 实时条件下测得的蠕变超声检测参数相对于无应力条件下测得的参数具有更高的检测灵敏度; 如果以无应力检测参数值作为评定标准, 则需对实时检测参数值作出修正才能准确评价被检测目标的蠕变程度; 时间衰减参数与衰减参数具有相同的蠕变变化趋势, 但时间衰减参数不需要对被检测目标进行几何尺寸的测量, 因此时间衰减参数更适用于实际检测, 可以作为金属蠕变检测中衰减参数的替代参数。 | |||
| 关键词 ：超声检测,蠕变,衰减,声速 | |||
| Abstract：Stress-free, room temperature creep specimens are used in almost all ultrasonic creep testing experimental research. However, the ultrasonic testing parameters for this condition (stress-free and room temperature) will differ from those for realistic conditions with the creep stress and higher temperatures. These differences will influence the creep detection accuracy. Tests in more realistic conditions are conducted using pure lead for continuous creep experiments with real-time ultrasonic detection used during the creep process and then during the relaxation process. The real-time parameter variations are plotted versus creep time for some parameters such as the attenuation, acoustic velocity, and time attenuation. The results show that the detection sensitivities of the creep ultrasonic testing parameters for realistic conditions are higher than for stress-free conditions. Thus, if stress-free ultrasonic testing parameter measurements are used to assess the creep, the actual measured parameter values must be corrected to accurately assess the creep. In addition, the experiments show that the time-attenuation parameter has the same type of variations as the attenuation parameter with the increased creep time so the objective dimensions do not need to measure to calculate the time-attenuation parameter, which is much easier, especially in practical ultrasonic testing. This result shows that the time-attenuation parameter can be used in place of the attenuation parameter in metal creep ultrasonic testing. | |||
| Key words：ultrasonic testingcreepattenuationacoustic velocity | |||
| 收稿日期: 2012-04-23 出版日期: 2015-09-18 | |||
| |||
| 通讯作者:韩赞东,副教授,E-mail:hanzd@tsinghua.edu.cnE-mail: hanzd@tsinghua.edu.cn | |||
| 引用本文: |
| 原可义, 韩赞东, 钟约先, 陈以方. 金属蠕变的实时超声检测实验研究[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 55(7): 739-743. YUAN Keyi, HAN Zandong, ZHONG Yuexian, CHEN Yifang. Experimental research on real-time ultrasonic detection of pure metal creep. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015, 55(7): 739-743. |
| 链接本文: |
| http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2015/V55/I7/739 |
图表:
 |
| 图1 铅制拉伸试样尺寸图 |
 |
| 图2 拉伸后试样的局部放大图 |
 |
| 图3 参考长度和拉伸端的变形量 |
 |
| 图4 通过试样两端的电压晶片测量声学参数 |
 |
| 图5 超声穿透法获得的检测信号 |
 |
| 图6 拉伸变形量及超声检测参数随时间的变化 |
参考文献:
| [1] 涂善东, 轩福贞, 王卫泽. 高温蠕变与断裂评价的若干关键问题 [J]. 金属学报, 2009, 45(7): 781-787.TU Shandong, XUAN Fuzhen, WANG Weize. Some critical issues in creep and fracture assessment at high temperature [J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2009, 45(7): 781-787.(in Chinese) [2] Hong S, Lee S. Mechanism of dynamic strain aging and characterization of its effect on the low-cycle fatigue behavior in type 316L stainless steel [J]. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2005, 340: 307-314. [3] 席与珩, 刘丽梅, 崔雄华, 等. 锅炉导汽管材质状态和蠕变剩余寿命评估 [J]. 热力发电, 2011, 40(8): 8-11.XI Yuheng, LIU Limei, CUI Xionghua, et al. Evaluation of material state and creep residual life of steam conduit for boilers [J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2011, 40(8): 8-11. (in Chinese ) [4] 尚丽娟, 田素贵, 王晓亮, 等. 403Nb钢的组织特征与蠕变行为 [J]. 材料热处理学报, 2011, 32(8): 79-83.SHANG Lijuan, TIAN Sugui, WANG Xiaoliang, et al. Microstructure and creep behavior of 403Nb steel [J]. Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment, 2011, 32(8): 79-83. (in Chinese) [5] 高宏波, 谢守明, 赵杰, 等. 在役电站锅炉导汽管组织状态评估与剩余寿命预测 [J]. 热力发电, 2004, 33(6): 71-74.GAO Hongbo, XIE Shouming, ZHAO Jie, et al. Microstructure state evaluation and residual life prediction for steam conduit of boilers in service [J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2004, 33(6): 71-74. (in Chinese) [6] 束国刚, 李益民, 梁昌乾, 等. 10CrMo910 钢薄壁主汽管θ法寿命评估及其应用研究 [J]. 热力发电, 2000, 29(4): 36-41.SU Guogang, LI Yimin, LIANG Changqian, et al. The experimental and theoretical study on the application of the modified θ projection equation to the remaining creep life assessment of 10CrMo910 steel in Niangziguan Power Plant [J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2000, 29(4): 36-41. (in Chinese) [7] Neubauer B, Wedel U. NDT: Replication avoids unnecessary replacement of power plant components [J]. Power Engineering(Barrington, Illinois), 1984, 88(5): 44-47. [8] DL/T652 1998. 金相复型技术工艺导则 [S]. 北京: 中华人民共和国电力工业部, 1998.DL/T652 1998. Technical Guidelines for Metallurgic Replica [S]. Beijing: Ministry of Power Industry of the People's Republic of China, 1998. ( in Chinese) [9] Spostito G, Ward C, Cawley P, et al. A review of non-destructive techniques for the detection of creep damage in power plant steels [J]. NDT&E International, 2010, 43: 555-567. [10] Hiroaki H, Nobukazu I, Takuya I, et al. Ultrasonic creep damage detection by frequency analysis for boiler piping [J]. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 2007, 129: 713-718. [11] Kim D Y, Kim H J, Song S J, et al. Ultrasonic method for prediction of residual life of creep damaged materials [C]//Thompson D O, Chimenti D E, eds. AIP Conference Proceedings. Melville, Canada: Amer Inst Physics, 2009, 1096: 1402-1409. [12] Mannan S L, Mathew M D. Creep properties of service-exposed alloy 625 after resolution annealing treatment and microstructural assessment using ultrasonic waves [C]//Sih G C, Tu S T, Wang Z D, eds. Fracture Mechanics Symposium. Shanghai, China: East China Univ of Science and Technology Press, 2009: 23-30. [13] Yoneyama H, Nakashiro H, Murakami M, et al. Assessment for creep damages by ultrasonic techniques [J]. IHI Engineering Review, 1989, 22(1): 1-6. [14] Gomez A T, Riera-Franco S E, Gallego-Juarez J A. Ultrasonic evaluation of creep damage in steel [J]. Ultrasonics, 1993, 31(3): 155-159. [15] Magnusson H. Creep Modeling of Particle Strengthened Steels [D]. Stockholm, Sweden: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, 2007. |
相关文章:
|
