水库移民管理者的认知对移民满意度的影响

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

水库移民管理者的认知对移民满意度的影响

陈文超^1,²,强茂山^1,²(

),王佳宁^1,^2,³,郑腾飞^1,²

2. 清华大学项目管理与建设技术研究所, 北京 100084
3. 中国长江三峡集团中水电国际投资有限公司, 北京 100033

Perspectives of officials in land acquisition for hydropower projects and their influence on migrant satisfaction

Wenchao CHEN^1,²,Maoshan QIANG^1,²(

),Jianing WANG^1,^2,³,Tengfei ZHENG^1,²

1. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Project Management and Technology Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3.China International Water and Electric Investment Corporation,China Three Gorges, Beijing 100033, China

摘要:

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摘要移民满意度是影响水电项目有效和可持续开发的主要因素之一,该文研究水库移民管理者的认知对移民满意度的影响。通过对中国西南2个水利枢纽工程项目中4县120名水库移民、 74名移民管理者进行问卷和访谈调研,该文提取了对移民满意度有显著影响的10个指标因子,并针对因子就移民满意度与管理者认知进行对比分析。结果表明: 移民满意度与管理者认知情况呈正相关关系,即管理者愈重视的因子移民的满意度愈高,但在公共服务、资金兑现、文化习俗等因子上出现偏差; 该偏差为管理者能力动因的约束所致,说明现行移民体制安排难以完全适应当地移民工作实际执行的需要。

关键词 ：水电工程,水库移民,满意度,因子分析

Abstract：This paper reports on a fieldwork survey involving two hydropower projects in Southwestern China. Specifically, the perspectives of officials handling the land acquisition and their influence on migrant satisfaction are examined. Data collected from 120 migrants and 74 officials in Guizhou Province showed 10 factors that significantly impact migrant satisfaction. There is a positive correlation between the perspectives of the officials and migrant satisfaction for most of the factors. However, public service, payment of funding, and culture and tradition are exceptions caused by unsuitable resettlement mechanisms. These exceptions indicate that resettlement policies and mechanisms should be better designed to meet the requirements of local conditions.

Key words：hydropower engineering resettlement satisfaction factor analysis method

收稿日期: 2014-03-14 出版日期: 2015-05-15

基金资助:国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(51179086, 51479100, 51379104);水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室科研课题资助(2013-KY-5)

引用本文:

陈文超,强茂山,王佳宁,郑腾飞. 水库移民管理者的认知对移民满意度的影响[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 55(1): 46-49.
Wenchao CHEN,Maoshan QIANG,Jianing WANG,Tengfei ZHENG. Perspectives of officials in land acquisition for hydropower projects and their influence on migrant satisfaction. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015, 55(1): 46-49.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2015/V55/I1/46

图表:

视角	一级指标	二级指标
移民视角	U₁生活条件	V₁₁住房条件V₁₂通讯条件 V₁₃电视接收V₁₄用水条件 V₁₅用电条件V₁₆交通条件 V₁₇教育条件V₁₈医疗条件
	U₂生产条件	V₂₁经济收入V₂₂发展机会 V₂₃技能培训V₂₄优惠政策 V₂₅信贷支持
	U₃社会适应情况	V₃₁老乡聚会V₃₂结识新友 V₃₃干群关系V₃₄邻里关系 V₃₅移民关系V₃₆风俗习惯 V₃₇饮食习惯V₃₈语言服饰 V₃₉思想观念
移民管理者视角	U₄补偿	V₄₁征地范围划定 V₄₂实物指标调查 V₄₃专业项目复改建 V₄₄征地公告及时性 V₄₅补偿金额 V₄₆补偿方式合理性 V₄₇补偿资金兑现
	U₅安置	V₅₁安置规划V₅₂安置措施 V₅₃安置金额 V₅₄安置方式合理性 V₅₅安置资金兑现
	U₆后期扶持	V₆₁帮扶措施V₆₂医疗保险 V₆₃其他社会保险 V₆₄扶持资金兑现

调研指标框架

项目	类别	样本数/人	占总样本数百分比/%
性别	男	86	73.5
性别	女	31	26.5
文化程度	未受教育	26	22.2
	小学	52	44.4
	初中	32	27.4
	高中	4	3.4
	大专	3	2.6
职业	务农	66	56.4
	临时工	29	24.8
	经商/个体	16	13.7
	医生/教师	3	2.6
	其他	3	2.6

移民样本情况

项目	类别	样本数/人	占总样本数百分比/%
性别	男	62	83.8
性别	女	12	16.2
文化程度	初中/高中	11	14.9
	大专	38	51.4
	本科	23	31.1
	本科以上	2	2.7
从事移民工作时间	1~5 a	34	45.9
	6~10 a	28	37.8
	11~15 a	6	8.1
	15 a以上	6	8.1

移民管理者样本情况

因素	因子代号	主要成分
安置地适应	SC	V₃₄V₃₃V₃₁V₃₂V₃₅
安置地适应	CT	V₃₆V₃₈V₃₇V₃₉
安置地条件	HC	V₁₁
	PS	V₁₇V₁₈V₁₆V₁₄V₁₅
	TC	V₁₂V₁₃
	SI	V₆₂V₆₃
移民政策	AC	V₄₁V₄₂
	PF	V₄₅V₆₄
	PR	V₅₁V₅₂
	FS	V₆₁V₂₃V₂₄V₂₅

移民满意度因子分析结果

管理者重视度和移民满意度的分值分布

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