张胜2,
潘睿2,
邴永鑫1,
黄大伟1,
张政科1,
虢清伟1,,
1.生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所),广州 510530
2.生态环境部环境应急与事故调查中心,北京 100035
作者简介: 陈思莉(1982—),女,硕士,正高级工程师。研究方向:突发环境事件应急处置技术开发、水处理研究与设计。E-mail:chensili@scies.org.
通讯作者: 虢清伟,guoqingwei@scies.org
中图分类号: X507
Characteristic analysis and countermeasure suggestions on secondary environmental emergencies in road transportation of hazardous chemicals
CHEN Sili1,,ZHANG Sheng2,
PAN Rui2,
BING Yongxin1,
HUANG Dawei1,
ZHANG Zhengke1,
GUO Qingwei1,,
1.South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment(Research Institute of Eco-environmental Emergency, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou 510530, China
2.Environmental Emergency and Accident Investigation Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
Corresponding author: GUO Qingwei,guoqingwei@scies.org
CLC number: X507
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摘要:针对近年来我国交通事故次生突发环境事件呈上升趋势,在分析总结我国近10年的交通事故次生突发环境事件基础上,聚焦目前危化品道路运输风险底数不清、缺乏环境风险防控工程体系和有效技术支撑以及部门联动协作等主要问题,为提高交通运输次生突发环境事件的防控能力,基于环境敏感受体等因素,提出了相关对策建议。具体对策建议包括:通过建立危化品运输道路环境风险评估体系,识别全国重大环境风险路段,摸清风险底数;推广“南阳实践”经验,消除或减轻事件影响;加强和完善部门沟通协作机制;建立健全危化品道路运输应急处置体系,提升应急处置能力。
关键词: 危化品道路运输/
次生突发环境事件/
环境风险防范
Abstract:In view of the rising trend of secondary environmental emergencies in traffic accidents in China in recent years, the main problems are analyzed based on the analysis and summary of the secondary environmental emergencies in traffic accidents in my country in the past ten years. They include unclear road transport risk of hazardous chemicals and environmental risks, the lack of prevention and control engineering system, and the lack of effective technical support and inter-departmental linkage and cooperation. Suggestions are provided for improving the prevention and control capabilities of secondary environmental emergencies in transportation based on sensitive receptors and other factors. It is proposed to establish an environmental risk assessment system for road transportation of hazardous chemicals., identify road sections with high environmental risks across the country, find out the risk base, promote the experience of “Nanyang Practice”, eliminate or reduce the impact of incidents, strengthen departmental communication and coordination, establish and improve the emergency response system for road transportation of hazardous chemicals, and improve emergency response capabilities.
Key words:road transportation of hazardous chemicals/
secondary environmental emergency/
environmental risk prevention.
图12010—2019年交通事故次生突发环境事件统计
Figure1.Statistics on the number of secondary environmental emergencies in traffic accidents from 2010 to 2019
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图22010—2019年交通事故次生突发环境事件较多的省(自治区、直辖市)统计
Figure2.Statistics of provinces with high numbers of traffic accidents and secondary environmental emergencies from 2010 to 2019
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3环境风险评估程序图
Figure3.Diagram of the environmental risk assessment procedure
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
表12010—2019年全国突发环境事件危化品种类及数量统计
Table1.Statistics on hazardous chemicals types and quantity of environmental emergencies in China from 2010 to 2019
序号 | 特征污染物 | 数量/起 | 占比/% |
1 | 汽油、柴油、原油、燃料油、润滑油、焦化油等石油类 | 62 | 22 |
2 | 盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、氢氟酸等酸类 | 46 | 17 |
3 | 苯乙烯、苯、粗苯、苯酚、甲苯、二甲苯等苯系物 | 43 | 16 |
4 | 甲醇 | 17 | 6 |
5 | 其他 | 107 | 39 |
合计 | 275 | 100 |
序号 | 特征污染物 | 数量/起 | 占比/% |
1 | 汽油、柴油、原油、燃料油、润滑油、焦化油等石油类 | 62 | 22 |
2 | 盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、氢氟酸等酸类 | 46 | 17 |
3 | 苯乙烯、苯、粗苯、苯酚、甲苯、二甲苯等苯系物 | 43 | 16 |
4 | 甲醇 | 17 | 6 |
5 | 其他 | 107 | 39 |
合计 | 275 | 100 |
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[1] | 马晓琨. 中国突发环境事件时空分布及外部因素相关性研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2015. |
[2] | 张春艳, 曹钧, 茆文革. 危化品道路运输安全风险分析及事故防控对策研究[J]. 化工管理, 2020(34): 75-77. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-4800.2020.34.036 |
[3] | 张茂鑫. 危化品运输车辆单元风险预警系统开发[D]. 北京: 中国地质大学(北京), 2019. |
[4] | 曹建. 危化品槽罐车公路运输事故情景构建、演化模拟与安全控制研究[D]. 湘潭: 湖南科技大学, 2020. |
[5] | 张蒙. 危化品道路运输事故后果分析与风险评价模型研究[D]. 北京: 首都经济贸易大学, 2019. |
[6] | 胡伟超, 徐炅旸, 傅挺, 等, 危险化学品道路运输路线安全风险量化评估体系[C]//第十三届中国智能交通年会优秀论文集, 2018: 189-197. |
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收稿日期:2020-11-10
录用日期:2021-06-13
网络出版日期:2021-11-16
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危化品道路运输次生突发环境事件特征分析及防范对策
陈思莉1,,张胜2,
潘睿2,
邴永鑫1,
黄大伟1,
张政科1,
虢清伟1,,
通讯作者: 虢清伟,guoqingwei@scies.org
作者简介: 陈思莉(1982—),女,硕士,正高级工程师。研究方向:突发环境事件应急处置技术开发、水处理研究与设计。E-mail:chensili@scies.org 1.生态环境部华南环境科学研究所(生态环境部生态环境应急研究所),广州 510530
2.生态环境部环境应急与事故调查中心,北京 100035
收稿日期: 2020-11-10
录用日期: 2021-06-13
网络出版日期: 2021-11-16
关键词: 危化品道路运输/
次生突发环境事件/
环境风险防范
摘要:针对近年来我国交通事故次生突发环境事件呈上升趋势,在分析总结我国近10年的交通事故次生突发环境事件基础上,聚焦目前危化品道路运输风险底数不清、缺乏环境风险防控工程体系和有效技术支撑以及部门联动协作等主要问题,为提高交通运输次生突发环境事件的防控能力,基于环境敏感受体等因素,提出了相关对策建议。具体对策建议包括:通过建立危化品运输道路环境风险评估体系,识别全国重大环境风险路段,摸清风险底数;推广“南阳实践”经验,消除或减轻事件影响;加强和完善部门沟通协作机制;建立健全危化品道路运输应急处置体系,提升应急处置能力。
English Abstract
Characteristic analysis and countermeasure suggestions on secondary environmental emergencies in road transportation of hazardous chemicals
CHEN Sili1,,ZHANG Sheng2,
PAN Rui2,
BING Yongxin1,
HUANG Dawei1,
ZHANG Zhengke1,
GUO Qingwei1,,
Corresponding author: GUO Qingwei,guoqingwei@scies.org
1.South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment(Research Institute of Eco-environmental Emergency, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou 510530, China2.Environmental Emergency and Accident Investigation Center of Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100035, China
Received Date: 2020-11-10
Accepted Date: 2021-06-13
Available Online: 2021-11-16
Keywords: road transportation of hazardous chemicals/
secondary environmental emergency/
environmental risk prevention
Abstract:In view of the rising trend of secondary environmental emergencies in traffic accidents in China in recent years, the main problems are analyzed based on the analysis and summary of the secondary environmental emergencies in traffic accidents in my country in the past ten years. They include unclear road transport risk of hazardous chemicals and environmental risks, the lack of prevention and control engineering system, and the lack of effective technical support and inter-departmental linkage and cooperation. Suggestions are provided for improving the prevention and control capabilities of secondary environmental emergencies in transportation based on sensitive receptors and other factors. It is proposed to establish an environmental risk assessment system for road transportation of hazardous chemicals., identify road sections with high environmental risks across the country, find out the risk base, promote the experience of “Nanyang Practice”, eliminate or reduce the impact of incidents, strengthen departmental communication and coordination, establish and improve the emergency response system for road transportation of hazardous chemicals, and improve emergency response capabilities.