Abstract:In rural areas of China, septic tanks are still the only treatment facilities before the direct discharge of domestic sewage in many families. However, the effluent quality of the traditional three-chamber septic tanks is poor, resulting in the pollution of rural water environment. It will be one of the effective ways to solve the pollution problem through the modification of traditional three-chamber septic tank. Thus, the structure and function optimal design of traditional three-chamber septic tank was performed. In the first chamber, a pretreatment aeration tank and a pretreatment sedimentation tank were separated by a overflow plate. In the second chamber, the anaerobic fermentation tank was retained. And the third chamber was separated into a biological contact oxidation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank by a overflow plate. The results showed that after stable operation, the removal rates of COD, ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + $-N, TP and SS by the reactor could reach 83.51%~88.56%, 66.82%~74.17%, 77.47%~81.12%, 82.26%~88.57%, respectively, which had a significant improvement compared with the traditional septic tank. The modified rural three-chamber septic tank realizes the on-site treatment of decentralized sewage in rural areas, and its economy and maintenance convenience can meet the requirements of rural sewage treatment facilities, this provides a reference for the transformation and construction of rural three-chamber septic tank. Key words:rural domestic sewage/ three-chamber septic tank/ modification/ pretreatment aeration/ biological contact oxidation.
图1小试装置立体示意图 Figure1.Stereoscopic diagram of test device
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1.School of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China 2.Fujian Rongqi Construction Engineering Co. Ltd., Fuzhou 350301, China Received Date: 2019-11-06 Accepted Date: 2020-03-01 Available Online: 2020-10-14 Keywords:rural domestic sewage/ three-chamber septic tank/ modification/ pretreatment aeration/ biological contact oxidation Abstract:In rural areas of China, septic tanks are still the only treatment facilities before the direct discharge of domestic sewage in many families. However, the effluent quality of the traditional three-chamber septic tanks is poor, resulting in the pollution of rural water environment. It will be one of the effective ways to solve the pollution problem through the modification of traditional three-chamber septic tank. Thus, the structure and function optimal design of traditional three-chamber septic tank was performed. In the first chamber, a pretreatment aeration tank and a pretreatment sedimentation tank were separated by a overflow plate. In the second chamber, the anaerobic fermentation tank was retained. And the third chamber was separated into a biological contact oxidation tank and a secondary sedimentation tank by a overflow plate. The results showed that after stable operation, the removal rates of COD, ${\rm{NH}}_4^ + $-N, TP and SS by the reactor could reach 83.51%~88.56%, 66.82%~74.17%, 77.47%~81.12%, 82.26%~88.57%, respectively, which had a significant improvement compared with the traditional septic tank. The modified rural three-chamber septic tank realizes the on-site treatment of decentralized sewage in rural areas, and its economy and maintenance convenience can meet the requirements of rural sewage treatment facilities, this provides a reference for the transformation and construction of rural three-chamber septic tank.