4.国家环境保护抗生素菌渣无害化处理与资源化利用工程技术中心,霍尔果斯 835007
1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
3.Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
4.State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Harmless Treatment and Resource Utilization of Antibiotic Residues, Khorgos 835007, China
β-内酰胺类抗生素是目前生产量和使用量最大的抗生素类型之一,在不同的环境基质中都能检出其残留、相关抗药菌和抗性基因,具有潜在的环境风险。中国是世界上最大的β-内酰胺类抗生素原料药生产国,每年产生大量的制药废水和菌渣。如何有效去除制药废水中残留抗生素及效价,并实现制药菌渣资源化利用是行业发展的技术瓶颈。在查阅文献的基础上,梳理了β-内酰胺类抗生素的环境污染来源和污染特征方面的研究进展,阐述了抗生素在环境中的迁移、吸附、水解等环境行为,并从环境抗性的产生和传播角度分析了β-内酰胺类抗生素的环境影响;重点梳理了废水和菌渣中β-内酰胺类抗生素的控制技术方面的研究进展,在此基础上,从降解产物与抗性关系、抗生素和效价的控制目标、废水抗生素和抗性基因控制多级屏障技术体系和制药菌渣无害化及资源化等方面提出展望,以期为环境中β-内酰胺类抗生素的环境管理和风险控制提供参考。
β-lactam antibiotics are currently the largest production of fermentable antibiotics, with wide applications in clinical medicine, livestock, and poultry breeding, among many others. The antibiotic residues, antibiotic resistance bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes can be detected in different environmental matrices, which has potential of causing environmental risks. As the world's largest producer of β-lactam antibiotic raw materials, China produces a large amount of pharmaceutical wastewater and relevant antibiotic fermentation residue annually. It remains challenging in the industry to remove residual antibiotics and potency in pharmaceutical wastewater, as well as to realize the utilization of antibiotic fermentation residue. On the basis of consulting the literature, this review article summarizes the most recent research progress on the sources and characteristics of environmental pollutions resulted from β-lactam antibiotics, accompanied by their behaviors such as migration, adsorption, and hydrolysis in the environments. Moreover, the environmental effects arose from β-lactam antibiotics are discussed from the resistance-generation and-transmission perspective. Building upon the aforementioned, this paper focused on the technology advance in controlling β-lactam antibiotics derived from pharmaceutical wastewater and antibiotic fermentation residue. Moreover, prospects are put forward in terms of the relationships among degradation products and resistance, control targets of antibiotics and potency, as well as multi-level barrier technological system for antibiotics and resistance gene control, and harmlessness and recycling of antibiotic fermentation residue. Overall, this article will provide scientific basis for environmental management and risk control of β-lactam antibiotics in the environments.
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Molecular structure of β-lactam antibiotics
Molecular structure of penicillin G and cephalosporin C
Hydrolysis pathway of penicillin G under different conditions
Hydrolysis pathway of cephalosporin C under different conditions
Distribution concentration of β-lactam antibiotics in different environmental media
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