6.中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京 100085
1.CAS-TWAS Centre of Excellence for Water and Environment, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2.State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
3.Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
4.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
6.Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
不明原因慢性肾病(CKDu)在斯里兰卡已造成25万患病及死亡案例,是该国最为重要的公共卫生问题之一。世界卫生组织(WHO)等机构对斯里兰卡CKDu的病因展开了研究,提出多种假说,但已有研究表明单一因素无法完整呈现斯里兰卡CKDu的致病原因。CKDu可能是多种危险因素的共同促发或多种致病因素协同作用引起的,在临床和病理上都很相似的一类疾病,而各危险因素与疾病之间的关联尚未明确。CKDu追因研究应在全面系统评估人群危险因素暴露水平、明确环境因子的作用途径、对现有病因假说进行大规模干预验证等3方面继续开展。中国科学院水与环境卓越中心组建了一支跨部门多学科的研究团队,围绕斯里兰卡CKDu的病因以及防控措施展开研究,确立了以改水为核心的追因研究框架。现已建成多个饮用水处理设施,未来将通过开展病例对照研究和大规模人群干预验证研究,以期解答多因子协同作用致病的核心科学问题,支持斯里兰卡早日摆脱疾病威胁,并在环境与健康领域积极探索多部门联合解决国际重大民生问题的协作模式。
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has resulted in approximately 250 000 illnesses and deaths in Sri Lanka and has become the country's most important public health problem. To date, scientists from the World Health Organization and other intentional research institutions have provided numeral hypotheses to the cause of CKDu. Despite being so, these studies reflected that it is difficult to clarity the true etiology of CKDu in Sri Lanka based on the existing one-factor-a-time based investigations. In fact, CKDu could potentially be a type of disease with similar clinical and pathological manifestations attributed to the synergic effect of multiple risk factors. However, there is no clear conclusion to support this emerging hypothesis. To address this challenge, research efforts should be devoted to holistically estimating the population exposure level from high risk factors, determining the cause-effect mechanisms of environmental variables, and performing large-scale intervention validation of existing hypotheses to the cause of CKDu, among others. Accordingly, the CAS-TWAS Centre of Excellence for Water and Environment has assembled a multidisciplinary, cross-sectoral expert team to tackle this very challenge. In summary, the expert team has focused on research in relation to the etiology of CKDu and feasible intervention strategies to the problem, and thereby establishing a refined research scheme with decontamination of source water at the core. At present, the expert team has helped the local utilities to established several drinking water treatment facilities, and in the future, the team will carry out other research based on China-Sri Lanka cooperation to conduct multicenter case-control studies, as well as large-scale intervention verifications on the mechanisms and prevention strategies of CKDu in Sri Lanka, with the aim of solving the core scientific problems of multi-factor synergy pathogenic disease, supporting Sri Lanka to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and meanwhile, exploring a new paradigm to engaging multiple sectors toward truly dealing with grand livelihood challenges in the field of environmental and human health.
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CKDu病区水污染的常见因素与CKDu潜在致病因素间的关联
Correlation between common factors of water pollution in CKDu disease area
Research framework of CKDu etiology based on water supply improvement
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