3.中国科学院陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京 100101
1.Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
3.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
、温度为50 ℃热活化的过硫酸钠对土壤中菲7 d的降解率为22.7%。预氧化后,加入高效降解菌和营养物质,强化微生物对菲的降解,继续培育21 d,最终降解率较第7天可提高8.08%~18.59%。同时添加高效降解菌和营养物质N,对土壤中菲的降解促进作用最强,最终降解率可达41.29%,较仅进行化学氧化的对照组和仅进行微生物降解的对照组分别提高17.44%和22.86%,较预氧化后不进行微生物强化的对照组提高12.9%。降解期间,土壤微生物数量和pH呈先下降,后上升趋势,最终维持在相对稳定水平。相关性分析结果表明,土壤中菲的降解率与氧化剂和营养物质N的添加呈显著正相关,土壤微生物数量与pH呈正相关,与氧化剂呈负相关,土壤pH与氧化剂及营养物质P呈负相关。研究结果证实了化学预氧化耦合生物强化和生物刺激技术能有效促进微生物对菲污染土壤的修复。
The present study was conducted to investigate the degradation of phenanthrene in soil by low-concentration persulfate pre-oxidation combined bioaugmentation and biostimulation using high-efficiency degrading bacteria and different types of nutrients. The results showed that degradation efficiency of phenanthrene was 22.7% after 7 days treatment with 0.1 mmol·g
persulfate concentration and thermal activation at 50 ℃. Then the phenanthrene degradation bacteria and nutrients were added into the pre-oxidized matrix, and performed 21 days continuous cultivation, the final degradation efficiency of phenanthrene increased by 8.08%~18.59%. The simultaneous addition of degradation bacteria and nutrient N was the most effective way to promote the degradation of phenanthrene in soil, and the final degradation efficiency could reach 41.29%. This was 17.44% higher than that of the chemical oxidation control group, 22.86% higher than that of the microbial degradation control group and 12.9% higher than that of pre-oxidation without biofortification control group. During the degradation process, soil microbial biomass and pH decreased at first, then increased, and finally maintained at a relatively stable level. The results of correlation analysis showed that degradation efficiency of phenanthrene in soil was significantly positively correlated with the addition of oxidant and nutrient N, soil microbial biomass was positively correlated with pH, negatively correlated with the addition of oxidant. Soil pH was negatively correlated with the addition of oxidant and nutrient P. These results confirmed that chemical pre-oxidation combined with bioaugmentation and biostimulation can effectively promote the bioremediation of phenanthrene-contaminated soil.
.
化学预氧化处理菲的降解率和过硫酸盐含量的变化
Changes of persulfate concentrations and PHE degradation efficiency in the chemical pre-oxidation treatments
Degradation efficiency of soil phenanthrene by different treatments
Variations of soil microbial biomass in the degradation process
Changes of soil pH in the degradation process
Heatmap of Pearson correlation coefficient
[1] | 杨坤, 李尤, 刘琼枝, 等. 多环芳烃(PAHs)在不同腐殖酸组分中的赋存特征和氧化降解效果研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2017, 37(11): 4277-4286. |
[2] | ESPLUGAS S, BILA D M, KRAUSE L G T, et al. Ozonation and advanced oxidation technologies to remove endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water effluents[J]. Journal of hazardous materials, 2007, 149(3): 631-642. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.073 |
[3] | WANG J, WANG S. Activation of persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and application for the degradation of emerging contaminants[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 334: 1502-1517. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.11.059 |
[4] | 刘楚琛, 阎秀兰, 刘琼枝, 等. Fenton试剂和活化过硫酸钠氧化降解土壤中的二氯酚和三氯酚[J]. 环境工程学报, 2018, 12(6): 1749-1758. |
[5] | GITIPOUR S, SORIAL G A, GHASEMI S, et al. Treatment technologies for PAH-contaminated sites: A critical review[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2018, 190(9): 546. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6936-4 |
[6] | KAKOSOVA E, HRABAK P, CERNIK M, et al. Effect of various chemical oxidation agents on soil microbial communities[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 314: 257-265. |
[7] | AYDIN S, KARACY H A, SHAHI A, et al. Aerobic and anaerobic fungal metabolism and omics insights for increasing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation[J]. Fungal Biology Reviews, 2017, 31(2): 61-72. doi: 10.1016/j.fbr.2016.12.001 |
[8] | GAUR N, NARASIMHULU K, PYDISETTY Y. Recent advances in the bio-remediation of persistent organic pollutants and its effect on environment[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 198: 1602-1631. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.076 |
[9] | 吴昊, 孙丽娜, 王辉, 等. 活化过硫酸钠原位修复石油类污染土壤研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2015, 34(11): 2085-2095. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2015.11.2015052601 |
[10] | GAN S, LAU E V, NG H K. Remediation of soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 172(2): 532-549. |
[11] | LIAO X Y, WU Z Y, LI Y, et al. Enhanced degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by indigenous microbes combined with chemical oxidation[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 213: 551-558. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.092 |
[12] | SUTTON N B, LANGENHOFF A A M, RIJNAARTS H H M. Efforts to improve coupled in situ chemical oxidation with bioremediation: A review of optimization strategies[J]. Journal of Soils & Sediments, 2011, 11(1): 129-140. |
[13] | XU J, DENG X, CUI Y, et al. Impact of chemical oxidation on indigenous bacteria and mobilization of nutrients and subsequent bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016, 320: 160-168. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.028 |
[14] | MORA V C, MADUENO L, PELUFFO M, et al. Remediation of phenanthrene-contaminated soil by simultaneous persulfate chemical oxidation and biodegradation processes[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2014, 21(12): 7548-7556. |
[15] | SANTANA M S, SANDRINI-NETO L, NETO F F, et al. Biomarker responses in fish exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 242: 449-461. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.004 |
[16] | KUPPUSAMY S, THAVAMANI P, VENKATESWARLU K, et al. Remediation approaches for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soils: Technological constraints, emerging trends and future directions[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 168: 944-968. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.115 |
[17] | LIANG C, HUANG C F, MOHANTY N, et al. A rapid spectrophotometric determination of persulfate anion in ISCO[J]. Chemosphere, 2008, 73(9): 1540-1543. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.043 |
[18] | 赵丹, 阎秀兰, 廖晓勇, 等. 不同化学氧化剂对焦化污染场地苯系物的修复效果[J]. 环境科学, 2011, 32(3): 849-856. |
[19] | SAHL J, MUNAKATA-MARR J. The effects of in situ chemical oxidation on microbiological processes: A review[J]. Remediation Journal, 2006, 16(3): 57-70. doi: 10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6831 |
[20] | WALDEMER R H, TRATNYEK P G, JOHNSON R L, et al. Oxidation of chlorinated ethenes by heat-activated persulfate: Kinetics and products[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2007, 41(3): 1010-1015. |
[21] | OGAWA M, OKIMORI Y. Pioneering works in biochar research, Japan[J]. Soil Research, 2010, 48(7): 489-500. doi: 10.1071/SR10006 |
[22] | CHANDANA L, SANGEETHA C J, SHASHIDHAR T, et al. Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet for the bacterial inactivation in an aqueous medium[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 640-641: 493-500. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.342 |
[23] | GAUNT L F, BEGGS C B, GEORGHIOU G E. Bactericidal action of the reactive species produced by gas-discharge nonthermal plasma at atmospheric pressure: A review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2006, 34(4): 1257-1269. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2006.878381 |
[24] | JASMINE J, MUKHERJI S. Characterization of oily sludge from a refinery and biodegradability assessment using various hydrocarbon degrading strains and reconstituted consortia[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2015, 149(7): 118-125. |
[25] | ROY A, DUTTA A, PAL S, et al. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation of native microbial community accelerated bioremediation of oil refinery sludge[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 253: 22-32. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.004 |
[26] | CHEN K F, CHANG Y C, CHIOU W T. Remediation of diesel-contaminated soil using in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) and the effects of common oxidants on the indigenous microbial community: A comparison study[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 2016, 91(6): 1877-1888. |
[27] | CHENG M, ZENG G, HUANG D, et al. Hydroxyl radicals based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for remediation of soils contaminated with organic compounds: A review[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 284: 582-598. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2015.09.001 |
[28] | YONG Y C, ZHONG J J. Recent advances in biodegradation in China: New microorganisms and pathways, biodegradation engineering, and bioenergy from pollutant biodegradation[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2010, 45(12): 1937-1943. doi: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.04.009 |