中文关键词微塑料斑马鱼胚胎幼鱼肠道 英文关键词microplasticszebrafishembryoslarvalintestinal

作者	单位	E-mail
赵佳	信阳学院教育学院, 信阳 464000 信阳师范学院生命科学学院, 信阳 464000	284598649@qq.com
饶本强	信阳师范学院生命科学学院, 信阳 464000	rbqxy@163.com
郭秀梅	信阳师范学院生命科学学院, 信阳 464000
高进勇	信阳学院理工学院, 信阳 464000

中文摘要 微塑料在环境中的广泛存在引起了研究者对其潜在的生物影响的关注.为评价微塑料对水生生物的影响，本文以模式生物斑马鱼胚胎及其幼鱼为研究对象，探究了两种粒径不同的微塑料：粒径0.5 μm的红色荧光标记聚苯乙烯微塑料（0.5RF-PM）和粒径10 μm的绿色荧光标记聚苯乙烯微塑料（10GF-PM）对斑马鱼胚胎发育的影响及其在出生后5 d的斑马鱼幼鱼肠道中的积累.结果表明，10GF-PM对出生后3 d胚胎孵化没有影响，0.5RF-PM在500 mg·L^-1时对胚胎孵化抑制率达37%；10GF-PM溶液浓度为10、100、200和500 mg·L^-1时，出生后5 d幼鱼平均存活率分别为80%、54%、44%和41%；对应浓度0.5RF-PM暴露溶液中，幼鱼平均存活率分别为62%、37%、25%和12%.暴露在10、100和500 mg·L^-1的10GF-PM溶液中0.5 h，幼鱼肠胃道中微塑料荧光值分别是0.06、0.53和1.84，对应浓度0.5RF-PM暴露溶液中，荧光值分别是0.63、2.32和3.45.将暴露的幼鱼转移至清水中，1 h内可观察到微塑料通过肠道排出体外，持续放置24 h后，对应GF-PM暴露幼鱼肠道内微塑料荧光值分别是0.03、0.08和0.56，对应RF-PM暴露幼鱼肠道内微塑料荧光值分别是0.06、0.41和1.56.微塑料对斑马鱼的影响与浓度和粒径有关：浓度越高，胚胎孵化率和幼鱼成活率越低；粒径越小，越容易在肠胃道内积累. 英文摘要 Microplastics have been frequently detected in aquatic environments, and there are increasing concerns about the potential effects on aquatic organisms. In this study, the effects on hatching and the intestinal accumulation in embryos and larvae exposed to two sizes of polystyrene (PS) microplastics were evaluated. The two PS were green fluorescent polyethylene microplastics with 10 μm size (10GF-PM) and red fluorescent polystyrene microplastics with 0.5 μm size (0.5RF-PM). The results showed no significant difference between hatching rates compared with that of the control group of Danio rerio embryos after exposure for three days at 10-500 mg·L^-1 10GF-PM, while the incubation rate was 37% at 500 mg·L^-1 0.5RF-PM. The average survival rates of five day post fertilization larvae exposed to 10, 100, 200, and 500 mg·L^-1 10GF-PM solutions were 80%, 54%, 44%, and 41%, and were 62%, 37%, 25%, and 12% in corresponding concentration of 0.5RF-PM solutions. A quantitative fluorescence analysis showed that the accumulation of 10GF-PM and 0.5RF-PM in larval intestines increased with the increase in the microplastic concentration, and the fluorescence values were 0.06, 0.53, and 1.84 and 0.63, 2.32, and 3.45 after exposure to 10, 100, and 500 mg·L^-1 10GF-PM and 0.5RF-PM solutions for 0.5 h, and were 0.03, 0.08, and 0.56 and 0.06, 0.41, and 1.56 after transferred larval to clear water for 24 h, respectively. The negative effect of microplastics on zebrafish was related to the concentration and particle size:the higher the concentration, the lower the embryo hatching rates; the smaller the particle size, the easier it was to accumulate in the intestines.

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