中文关键词厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)氧化亚氮(N₂O)温度基质浓度微生物群落 英文关键词anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX)nitrous oxide (N₂O)temperaturesubstrate concentrationmicrobial community

作者	单位	E-mail
王丝可	清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084	wsk15@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
于恒	清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084
左剑恶	清华大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084	jiane.zuo@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

中文摘要 污水生物脱氮工艺中通常会释放温室气体N₂O，厌氧氨氧化工艺作为新型生物脱氮工艺，其N₂O的释放规律及机制值得深入研究.本文利用厌氧氨氧化序批试验，研究了不同温度和基质浓度对厌氧氨氧化工艺中N₂O释放的影响，并探讨了N₂O释放的微生物机制.结果表明，厌氧氨氧化工艺中进水基质浓度的增加会促进N₂O释放，在35℃条件下，当进水亚硝氮从40 mg ·L^-1增加至60 mg ·L^-1和120 mg ·L^-1时，N₂O最高积累浓度从0.5 mg ·L^-1增加至1.5 mg ·L^-1和2.4 mg ·L^-1，分别占总氮去除量的0.85%、1.43%和1.11%.温度降低对厌氧氨氧化活性抑制作用明显，15℃下的比厌氧氨氧化活性仅为30℃时的6%.温度降低导致厌氧氨氧化工艺中N₂O的释放减少，温度降低时反硝化速率的降低是导致N₂O产生速率降低、N₂O积累减少的主要原因.厌氧氨氧化工艺微生物群落中存在丰富的异养反硝化菌，工艺中N₂O积累主要是反硝化菌产生和消耗N₂O的结果. 英文摘要 The greenhouse gas N₂O is released during the biological nitrogen removal process. ANAMMOX (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is regarded as a promising nitrogen removal process for treating municipal wastewater, and the N₂O emission patterns and mechanisms need further investigation. In this study, batch tests were performed to study the release of N₂O at different temperatures and substrate concentrations, and the microbial mechanisms of N₂O emission were discussed. The results showed that the increase of the influent substrate concentration of the ANAMMOX process promoted the release of N₂O. At 35℃, when the influent nitrite increased from 40 mg·L^-1 to 60 mg·L^-1, 120 mg·L^-1, the maximum accumulated concentration of N₂O increased from 0.5 mg·L^-1 to 1.5 mg·L^-1 and 2.4 mg·L^-1, accounting for 0.85%, 1.43%, and 1.11% of the total nitrogen removal, respectively. Lowering temperature had an obvious inhibitory effect on ANAMMOX activity. The specific ANAMMOX activity at 15℃ was only 6% of that at 30℃. Furthermore, the intracellular ATP concentration was reduced. At 15℃, the intracellular ATP concentration was 4% of that at 30℃. The decrease in temperature led to a decrease in the release of N₂O in the ANAMMOX process. When the temperature decreased, the denitrification rate would decrease, leading to a lower N₂O production rate and lower N₂O accumulation. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing showed that ANAMMOX bacteria Candidatus Brocadia and Ca. Jettenia were enriched, accounting for 6.9%-13.8% and 1.4%-2.6% of microbial community, respectively. Abundant heterotrophic bacteria were also found in the microbial community. The accumulation of N₂O in the ANAMMOX process was mainly attributed to denitrifying bacteria producing and consuming N₂O. This study provides support for controlling N₂O emission during the ANAMMOX process for treating municipal wastewater.

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