中文关键词PM_2.5碳质组分二次有机碳季节变化演化特征潜在源贡献因子 英文关键词PM_2.5carbonaceous speciessecondary organic carbonseasonal variationevolution characteristicspotential source contribution function (PSCF)

作者	单位	E-mail
董贵明	西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 成都 611756	dongguiming0@163.com
唐贵谦	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
张军科	西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 成都 611756	zhangjunke@home.swjtu.edu.cn
刘琴	西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院, 成都 611756
闫广轩	河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境污染与防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡 453007
程萌田	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
高文康	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
王迎红	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
王跃思	中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理与大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029

中文摘要 为了解《大气污染防治行动计划》实施后北京市大气PM_2.5中碳质组分特征，于2017年12月至2018年12月在北京污染较重的南部城区进行了PM_2.5连续采样，对其中的有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）进行了全面研究.结果表明，北京大气PM_2.5、OC和EC浓度变化范围分别为4.2~366.3、0.9~74.5和0.0~5.5 μg ·m^-3，平均浓度分别为（77.1±52.1）、（11.2±7.8）和（1.2±0.8）μg ·m^-3，碳质组分（OC和EC）整体占PM_2.5的16.1%.OC质量浓度季节特征表现为：冬季[（13.8±8.7）μg ·m^-3] > 春季[（12.7±9.6）μg ·m^-3] > 秋季[（11.8±6.2）μg ·m^-3] > 夏季[（6.5±2.1）μg ·m^-3]，EC四季质量浓度水平均较低，范围为0.8~1.5 μg ·m^-3.二次有机碳（SOC）年均质量浓度为（5.4±5.8）μg ·m^-3，四季贡献比例范围为45.7%~52.3%，年均贡献为48.2%，凸显了二次形成的重要贡献.随污染加重，尽管OC和EC贡献比例均降低，但浓度水平却成倍升高，OC和EC浓度在严重污染天分别是空气质量为优天的6.3和3.2倍.与非供暖时段相比，供暖时段PM_2.5、OC和SOC浓度分别增加了14.4%、47.9%和72.1%，体现了OC对供暖季PM_2.5污染的重要贡献.PSCF分析表明，位于北京西南的山西省和河南省部分区域是PM_2.5和OC的主要潜在源区，且PM_2.5潜在源区更为集中；EC的PSCF高值（>0.7）区域较少，主要位于北京南部，如山东省和河南省部分地区，且北京市及周边地区贡献明显. 英文摘要 To investigate the characteristics of carbonaceous species in PM_2.5 in Beijing after the implementation of the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, PM_2.5 was continuously sampled in the heavily polluted southern urban area of Beijing from December 2017 to December 2018. The characteristics of organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) were then determined. The results showed that the annual concentrations of PM_2.5, OC, and EC in Beijing varied in wide ranges of 4.2-366.3, 0.9-74.5, and 0.0-5.5 μg ·m^-3, respectively, and the average mass concentration were (77.1±52.1), (11.2±7.8), and (1.2±0.8) μg ·m^-3. Overall, the carbonaceous species (OC and EC) accounted for 16.1% of the PM_2.5 mass. The seasonal characteristics of the OC mass concentrations were: winter [(13.8±8.7) μg ·m^-3] > spring [(12.7±9.6) μg ·m^-3] > autumn [(11.8±6.2) μg ·m^-3] > summer [(6.5±2.1) μg ·m^-3]. The concentration of the EC during the four seasons was low, ranging from 0.8 to 1.5 μg ·m^-3. The annual average mass concentration and contribution of secondary organic carbon (SOC) were (5.4±5.8) μg ·m^-3 and 48.2%, respectively, highlighting the significant contribution of the secondary process. With the aggravation of pollution, although the contribution proportion of OC and EC decreased, their mass concentrations during "heavily polluted" days were 6.3 and 3.2 times that of "excellent" days, respectively. Compare to non-heating period, the mass concentrations of PM_2.5, OC, and SOC increased by 14.4%, 47.9%, and 72.1% in heating period, respectively, which emphasized the importance of carbonaceous species during heating periods. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis showed that the southwest areas of Beijing (such as Shanxi and Henan province) were the main potential source areas of PM_2.5 and OC. The high value area of the PSCF of EC was less and the main potential source area was in the south of Beijing (such as Shandong and Henan province).

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