中文关键词规模化奶牛养殖场废水处理抗生素处理效果风险评估 英文关键词large-scale dairy farmwastewater treatmentantibioticstreatment effectrisk assessment

作者	单位	E-mail
陈乾	天津农学院园艺园林学院, 天津 300384	1070877336@qq.com
赵润	农业农村部环境保护科研监测所, 天津 300191
牟美睿	天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384
白鸽	天津农学院 食品科学与生物工程学院, 天津 300384
史宏伟	天津农学院园艺园林学院, 天津 300384
刘海学	天津农学院农学与资源环境学院, 天津 300384	liuhaixue@tjau.edu.cn
吴惠惠	天津农学院园艺园林学院, 天津 300384	wuhuihui@tjau.edu.cn

中文摘要 为了解天津市规模化奶牛养殖场废水处理前后典型抗生素的浓度水平及处理效果，使用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联三重四极杆质谱仪（SPE-UPLC-MS/MS）技术，对天津市12家规模化奶牛养殖场废水中7种典型抗生素进行调查监测.结果表明，12家规模化奶牛养殖场废水处理前后均不同程度地检测出抗生素残留.废水处理前，替米考星（TIL）、盐酸土霉素（OTC）、司帕沙星（SPA）、磺胺噻唑（STZ）、氧氟沙星（OFL）和盐酸沙拉沙星（SAR）检出率均为100%，磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）检出率为83.33%.其中替米考星和盐酸土霉素为未处理废水中主要的抗生素成分，浓度为25.21μg·L^-1和9.87μg·L^-1.处理后废水中磺胺嘧啶和氧氟沙星的检出率下降至25.00%和41.66%，主要成分为替米考星和盐酸土霉素，但浓度有着明显地降低，分别为11.30μg·L^-1和3.71μg·L^-1.不同的规模化奶牛养殖场对于抗生素的处理效果在24.95%~81.05%之间.厌氧-缺氧-好氧（AAO）处理工艺的综合处理效果优于厌氧好氧（AO）处理工艺.氧氟沙星、盐酸沙拉沙星、盐酸土霉素为处理后废水中主要的高风险污染物，各规模化奶牛养殖场都含有一种或多种RQ_s>1的抗生素，其排放对环境构成一定的生态风险. 英文摘要 To obtain the content level and treatment efficiency of typical antibiotics in wastewater treatment in large-scale dairy farms in Tianjin, the SPE-UPLC-MS/MS (ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadruple mass spectrometry combined with solid-phase extraction for pretreatment) technology was utilized to investigate and monitor seven typical antibiotics in wastewater from 12 large-scale dairy farms in Tianjin. Antibiotic residues were detected in 12 large-scale dairy farms before and after wastewater treatment. In the wastewater before treatment, the detection rates of tilmicosin (TIL), oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC), sparfloxacin (SPA), sulfathiazloe (STZ), ofloxacin (OFL), and sarafloxacin hydrochloride (SAR) were all 100%, whereas the detection rate of sulfadiazine (SDZ) was 83.33%. Among them, TIL and OTC were the main antibiotic components in untreated wastewater, the concentrations were 25.21 μg·L^-1 and 9.87 μg·L^-1, respectively. The detection rates of SDZ and OFL in the treated wastewater dropped to 25.00% and 41.66%, respectively. The main components were TIL and OTC and the concentrations were 11.30 μg·L^-1 and 3.71 μg·L^-1, respectively. There were significant decreases in the concentrations. The treatment effect on antibiotics from different farms ranged from 24.95% to 81.05%. The comprehensive treatment effect of the anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (AAO) treatment process was better than that of the anoxic-oxic (AO) treatment process. OFL, SAR, and OTC were the main high-risk pollutants in treated wastewater. Each large-scale dairy farm contained one or more antibiotic with RQ_s>1, and their emissions pose an ecological risk to the environment.

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