中文关键词PM_2.5斑马鱼胚胎发光细菌A549成组生物毒性 英文关键词biocharextracting agentsleachateanaerobic digestiondissolved organic matters(DOM)

作者	单位	E-mail
江晓栋	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164	cczujxd@163.com
薛银刚	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164 江苏省常州环境监测中心, 江苏省环境保护水环境生物监测重点实验室, 常州 213001	yzxyg@126.com
魏永	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164	weiyong@cczu.edu.cn
许霞	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
刘菲	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
薛柯	常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 常州 213164
施昕澜	江苏省常州环境监测中心, 江苏省环境保护水环境生物监测重点实验室, 常州 213001
顾铭	江苏理工学院化学与环境工程学院, 常州 213001

中文摘要 为了准确评估PM_2.5的综合生物毒性，采用发光细菌急性毒性、斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性和体外人肺腺癌细胞（A549）毒性试验对常州市冬季雾-霾天、冬季正常天和夏季这3个时间段的PM_2.5进行生物毒性评价，并结合大气理化指标进行分析.结果表明，3个时间段的PM_2.5均表现出急性毒性或发育毒性.冬季雾-霾天、冬季正常天和夏季PM_2.5对发光细菌的毒性单位（toxicity unit，TU）值分别为1.74（有毒）、1.19（有毒）和0.92（微毒）；对斑马鱼胚胎的TU值从大到小排列为：冬季正常天（TU=1.14，有毒）、冬季雾-霾天（TU=0.79，微毒）和夏季（TU=0，无毒）；对A549的TU值为：冬季雾-霾天（TU=0.61，微毒） > 夏季（TU=0.38，微毒） > 冬季正常天（TU=0.31，微毒）.在发育毒性方面，除夏季PM_2.5样品，其余2个时间段的PM_2.5均对斑马鱼胚胎发育有影响，主要表现出心包囊肿、脊椎弯曲和尾部畸形.平均毒性（average toxicity，AvTx）、毒性指数（toxic print，TxPr）和最敏感测试（most sensitive test，MST）综合毒性评价方法表明冬季雾-霾天和冬季正常天PM_2.5均表现出有毒，夏季则表现出微毒，以冬季雾-霾天PM_2.5样品的综合毒性最高.此外，3种测试生物对PM_2.5污染物的敏感度排序为发光细菌 > 斑马鱼胚胎 > A549.理化指标和生物毒性的相关性分析结果表明，PM_2.5中所含的污染物对生物毒性效应产生影响，可为PM_2.5生物毒性综合评价和人体健康风险评估提供依据. 英文摘要 To accurately evaluate the biotoxicity of PM_2.5, PM_2.5 samples from winter fog-haze days, winter normal days, and summer days in Changzhou were selected for evaluation based on the acute toxicity of luminescent bacteria and zebrafish embryos and the cytotoxicity of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro (A549). The three atmospheric conditions and the physical and chemical indicators were also evaluated using correlation analysis. The PM_2.5 samples showed either acute or developmental toxicity during all three periods. The toxicity unit (TU) of the luminescent bacteria for the winter fog-haze days, winter normal days, and summer days were 1.74 (toxic), 1.19 (toxic), and 0.92 (slightly toxic), respectively. The maximum TU of the zebrafish embryos was for winter normal days (TU=1.14, toxic) followed by winter fog-haze days (TU=0.79, slightly toxic), and summer days (TU=0, non-toxic). The highest TU of A549 was for winter fog-haze days (TU=0.61, toxic) followed by summer days (TU=0.38, toxic) and winter normal days (TU=0.31, toxic). With respect to developmental toxicity, with the exception of summer day samples, the PM_2.5 samples from the other two periods had detrimental effects on the development of zebrafish embryos, mainly showing pericardial edema, a bent notochord, and tail deformity. The average toxicity (AvTx), toxic print (TxPr), and most sensitive test (MST) indices showed that the PM_2.5 samples from winter fog-haze days and winter normal days exhibited toxicity, while samples from the summer days showed slight toxicity; PM_2.5 samples from winter fog-haze days had the highest level of comprehensive toxicity. In addition, luminescent bacteria were the most sensitive to PM_2.5 samples, followed by zebrafish embryos and A549. The results of chemical analysis and biological toxicity tests show that the pollutants contained in PM_2.5 have a biological toxicity effect, which can provide a basis for the comprehensive assessment of PM_2.5 biological toxicity and human health risks.

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