摘要:大型底栖动物完整性指数（Benthic index of biotic integrity， B-IBI）是广泛应用的河流生态健康评价方法，然而从时间尺度（月份、年际变化）上评价B-IBI适用性的研究较少。有鉴于此，于2013-2015年期间，每年在5月、7月、8月和10月分别对新疆伊犁河大型底栖动物群落结构进行系统调查，并构建底栖动物完整性指数，评价河流水体的健康状况，同时评价其在时间尺度上的影响。非度量多维尺度分析（Non-metric multidimensional scaling， NMDS）显示，伊犁河不同月份的大型底栖动物群落结构相似度较高。通过对群落丰富度、种类个体相对丰度、功能摄食群、耐污能力、小生境质量和生物多样性指数等6个大类共计30个候选参数进行筛选，选取EPT（蜉蝣目、襀翅目、毛翅目）分类单元数、蜉蝣目个体相对丰度、耐污类群的个体相对丰度、生物指数（Biotic index， BI）以及黏附者个体相对丰度为伊犁河流域B-IBI健康评价体系的核心指标。B-IBI的评价等级为：B-IBI>3.38为健康，2.53-3.38为亚健康，1.69-2.53为一般，0.84-1.69为差，B-IBI值≤0.84为极差。结果显示，伊犁河8个典型样点中，6个采样点健康状况为健康或者亚健康，2个采样点为一般。总体上伊犁河健康状况较好，其中支流巩乃斯河和喀什河的健康状况要好于伊犁河干流和支流特克斯河。不同月份的B-IBI值无显著性差异（P>0.05），表明伊犁河流域整体健康状况不受季节变化的重要影响。2013年与2015年B-IBI值差异显著（P<0.05），伊犁河健康状况存在逐年变好的趋势，河流的生物健康评价需要开展长期的监测才能较全面的反映河流健康状况。参照点整体上的B-IBI值显著高于受损点的B-IBI值，表明B-IBI健康评价体系在伊犁河流域的良好适用性。该研究将从时间尺度上为基于B-IBI的河流健康评价方法提供理论参考。



Abstract:The benthic index of biotic integrity (B-IBI) is an ecological method that widely used in river health assessment, but very few studies focus on the adaptability of B-IBI in river health assessment on the time scale. This study investigated the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates systematically in the Ili River in May, July, August and October of 2013-2015. Meanwhile, we evaluated the temporal pattern on the results of health assessment for the Ili River based on the B-IBI. The results of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed that the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in different months in the Ili River revealed a high similarity. We sifted a total of 30 candidate metrics, which belong to 6 categories, including community richness, the proportion of individual species, functional feeding group, pollution tolerance, habitat quality and biodiversity index. Ultimately, the number of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) taxa, the percentage of Ephemeroptera, the percentage of tolerant groups, Biotic Index (BI) and the percentage of clingers were selected as the key metrics of the B-IBI health assessment system in the Ili River. The assessment grades of B-IBI were as follows:B-IBI>3.38 representing healthy, 2.53P>0.05), suggesting that the overall health status of the Ili River was not significantly affected by seasonal changes. There was a significant difference between the B-IBI in 2013 and that in 2015 (P<0.05). The health status of Ili River has a trend of getting better year by year. The biological health assessment of the river needs long-term and systematic investigation and research to reflect the health status of the river. The non-parametric tests indicated that, overall, the B-IBI scores of the reference sites were significantly higher than those of the impaired sites, which indicated the adaptability of the B-IBI health assessment system in the Ili River. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the river health evaluation based on the B-IBI in times of time scale.





PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.ecologica.cn/stxb/article/pdf/stxb202002280365