摘要:在人类占用净初级生产力（HANPP）等研究基础上，提出了净初级生产力（NPP）权衡假设，即生态系统供给、调节服务的权衡受到HANPP各组分分配比例的影响；基于NPP权衡假设构建了生产生态协同提升模式效果的分析框架。以西藏拉萨河流域白朗村为例，基于实地采样、监测数据，分析了生态修复前、协同提升及河谷种草模式下，白朗村的HANPP组分、空间格局，以及生产、生态功能（牲畜养殖数量、碳固定服务和空气净化服务）。结果表明：在实施生态修复前，白朗村共有牲畜15990羊单位，HANPP为35.0 g C/m²，占潜在NPP的13.8%，其中收获导致的HANPP_harv占40.0%；生态系统空气净化服务为12.0 g SO₂ m^-2 a^-1，碳固定服务为6245.4 g C m^-2 a^-1。协同提升后，HANPP总量基本保持不变，但结构发生了变化，其中HANPP_harv提高了4.2%，土地利用导致的HANPP_luc降低了1.8%。同时，养殖牲畜数量增加6.3%，生态系统调节服务基本保持同一水平。在河谷种草模式下，HANPP总量相比实施生态修复前降低了67.0%，结构变化更加剧烈。HANPP_harv增加了84.2%，为25.8 g C/m²；HANPP_luc降低了167.0%，为-14.2 g C/m²。牲畜数量大幅增加了2.2倍（35195.0羊单位）；而空气净化服务也提高了15.1%（13.8 g SO₂ m^-2 a^-1），碳固定服务提高了5.0%（6560.1 g C m^-2 a^-1）。研究表明，NPP权衡假设可以为定量分析区域尺度生态系统服务权衡提供一定的理论支持，促进生产生态功能协同提升的生态修复模式优化。



Abstract:Based on the frameworks of human appropriation of net primary productivity (HANPP), a hypothesis of ‘NPP tradeoff’ was proposed in this paper. This hypothesis assumed the tradeoffs among ecosystem provisioning and regulating services were influenced by the distribution ratios of the HANPP components. A methodology of measuring the effects of ecological restoration aiming at promoting the provisioning and regulating services simultaneously was established based on the ‘NPP tradeoff’ hypothesis. In this paper, three ecological restoration scenarios were set up in Bailang village, Lhasa river regions, Tibet. These scenarios were ‘before restoration’, ‘synergized promotion’, and ‘forage planting at the plain’. The HANPP components, spatial distribution, as well as the ecosystem services of livestock herding, ecosystem carbon stock, and air purifications were quantified based on the sampled data. The results showed that the livestock of 15990 sheep unit were herded in the village before the ecological restoration. The HANPP was 35.0 g C/m², occupying 13.8% of the potential NPP, in which 40.0% were occupied by the HANPP_harv. The air purification service and the carbon stock service were 12.0 g SO₂ m^-2 a^-1 and 6245.4 g C m^-2 a^-1, respectively. After the ecological restoration of ‘synergized promotion’, the total amount of HANPP kept constant, while the components proportions varied. In detailed, the HANPP_harv increased by 4.2%, and HANPP_luc decreased 1.8%. In correspondence, the herded livestock increased by 6.3% and ecosystem regulating services kept constant. In the scenario of ‘forage planting at the plain’, the total amount of HANPP decreased by 67.0% comparing to the scenario of ‘before restoration’, and the components also varied. The HANPP_harv was 2525.8 g C/m² and increased by 84.2%, while the HANPP_luc decreased by 167.0% with -14.2 g C/m². In this scenario, the number of herded livestock increased by 2.2 folds (35195.0 sheep unit). The air purification service increased by 15.1% (13.8 g SO₂ m^-2 a^-1), carbon stock service increased by 5.0% (6560.1 g C m^-2 a^-1). This study implied that the hypothesis of ‘NPP tradeoff’ could support the measuring of regional ecosystem services tradeoffs and the optimization of ecological restoration modes to synergized improve the provisioning and regulating services.





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