摘要:土地利用/覆盖变化通过改变地面反射率对区域气候产生直接的影响，探究不同空间尺度下土地利用/覆盖变化对气候因子的影响具有重要意义。基于人机交互式方式提取松嫩平原土地利用信息，利用Matlab编程方式获取研究区域内1985-2015年间不同空间尺度土地利用强度变化情况，研究不同空间尺度下松嫩平原土地利用强度时空变化特征及其对气候因子的影响。研究结论：①不同空间尺度的土地利用强度的均值分别为3.92、3.92、3.93、3.93以及4.34，均值呈现逐渐增加的变化趋势；② 1980-2018年间松嫩平原年平均降水量呈现下降的趋势，其下降的变化率为-9.89 mm/10 a，年平均温度变化呈现上升的趋势，其上升的变化率为0.256℃/10 a；③松嫩平原土地利用强度与降水之间呈现负相关，即对降水量增加表现为抑制作用，与温度之间呈现较为明显的正相关，即对温度的增加表现为促进作用，且随着空间尺度不断增加其抑制或促进作用均表现为先增强后减弱的变化趋势；④偏相关和复相关分析知，松嫩平原土地利用强度与降水、温度呈现明显的相关性，且10 km网格空间尺度上土地利用强度对区域气候的作用表现得更为明显。



Abstract:Land use/cover change has a direct impact on regional climate by changing the surface reflectance. It is of great significance to explore the impact of land use/cover change on climatic factors at different spatial scales. In this paper, the land use information of Songnen Plain is extracted based on human-machine interaction. And, the Matlab program is used to obtain the changes in land use intensity at different spatial scales in the research area from 1985 to 2015. On this basis, the temporal and spatial characteristics of land use intensity and its influence on climate factors in Songnen Plain were studied. ① The results show that the mean values of land use intensity at different spatial scales are 3.92, 3.92, 3.93, 3.93, and 4.34, presenting a gradually increasing trend. ② From 1980 to 2018, the average annual precipitation in Songnen Plain showed a downward trend with a decline of -9.89 mm per decade, and the annual average temperature displayed an upward trend with an increase of 0.256 ℃ per decade. ③ There is a negative correlation between land use intensity and precipitation in Songnen Plain, which means that it can restrain the increase of precipitation. There is a significant positive correlation between land use intensity and temperature in Songnen Plain, which means that it can promote the increase of temperature. In addition, with the increase of spatial scale, the inhibition or promotion of the effects are first enhanced and then weakened. ④ Partial correlation and multiple correlation analysis demonstrate that the land use intensity of Songnen Plain is significantly correlated with precipitation and temperature. The effect of land use intensity on regional climate is more obvious on the 10 km grid spatial scale.





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