摘要:快速城市化导致土地资源开发利用强度增大，由此带来许多生态环境和社会经济等问题，相关部门在国土空间规划中提出"多规合一"举措，对有效统筹空间规划和城市生物多样性保护规划极为重要。为探析喀斯特山地城市空间形态结构与城市生物多样性内在关系，以典型黔中多山城市——安顺市为研究对象，运用空间句法和生物多样性相关理论与方法，分析了安顺市空间形态结构特征与植物物种多样性特征及二者之间耦合关系。结果表明：①安顺市城市空间形态结构呈东南-西北向条块状分布，城市整体水平上空间形态结构特征表现为：中心性不明显，核心分散，可达性较差，空间联系程度不高，网络结构规律性不明显，可理解性不高。②城市道路密度较低且分布不均匀，其密集区域在中心城区和西南片区，交通潜力大，空间聚集程度高、渗透性较好。③安顺市植物群落物种多样性指数偏低，不同空间区域差异较大；不同绿地类型中植物群落物种多样性指数由高到低的顺序为区域绿地、公园绿地、附属绿地、防护绿地、广场绿地。④安顺市整体空间形态结构与植物群落物种多样性呈显著负相关关系，在城市空间形态结构指数较高区域，植物群落物种多样性较低，但在局部尺度上这种相关性则较弱。本研究揭示了城市空间形态结构与生物多样性的互作关系，为城市空间规划、生物多样性保护规划与维持提供理论依据，同时对城市国土空间规划上的"多规合一"途径具有重要参考意义。



Abstract:Urban spatially morphological structure is the result of interaction between human activities and natural environment in specific geographical environment, and the formation and maintenance of urban biodiversity are the main ecological processes in urban space. Rapid urbanization leads to the increase of the intensity of land resources development and utilization, resulting in many ecological environment, social and economic problems. The "multiple plans integration" measure, put forward by relevant departments in the planning of land and space, is very important for effectively integrating the space planning and urban biodiversity conservation planning. In order to explore the internal relationship between spatially morphological structure and urban biodiversity in Karst mountainous cities, Anshun City, which is a typical karst mountainous city in Central Guizhou Province, was taken as the research object, and the spatial syntax and biodiversity related theories and methods were used to analyse the spatially morphological structure characteristics, plant species diversity characteristics and the coupling relationship between them. The results showed that:① The spatially morphological structure of Anshun City was strip distributed from southeast to northwest. On the overall level of the city, the characteristics of spatially morphological structure were as follows: the centrality was not obvious, the cores were scattered, the accessibility was poor, the degree of spatial connection was relatively weak, the regularity of network structure was not obvious, and the comprehensibility was unclear. ② The density of urban roads was low and unevenly distributed, and the densely areas were in the central urban and southwest area, with great traffic potential, high degree of spatial aggregation and good permeability. ③ The species diversity of plant community in Anshun city was low and different among different type green spaces, and from high to low in order of regional green space, park green space, attached green space, protective green space and square green space. ④ There was a significantly negative correlation between the spatially morphological structure and the species diversity of plant community on the overall level in Anshun City, in areas with high urban spatial morphological structure index, plant community species diversity was low, but this correlation was weak at the local scale. This study revealed the interaction between urban spatially morphology structure and biodiversity, and would provide theoretical basis for urban spatial planning, biodiversity conservation planning and maintenance. and would been important reference significance for the "multiple plans integration" approach in urban land space planning.





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