摘要:揭示人参种植对土壤微生物群落结构和代谢功能的影响，对防治人参连作障碍具有重要的理论意义。利用高通量测序技术研究了林地和由林地开垦耕种人参3a和4a后土壤微生物群落结构和代谢功能的变化。结果表明，变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）、疣微菌门（Verrucomicrobia）、绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）是林地和人参种植土壤微生物的主要优势类群。林地开垦种植人参后，土壤放线菌门和疣微菌门的相对丰度显著增加，土壤酸杆菌门的相对丰度显著降低；而土壤微生物多样性指数明显降低。除趋势对应分析（DCA）显示不同种植a限人参的土壤微生物群落结构存在明显差异。Tax4Fun功能预测表明，人参种植后土壤微生物的萜类化合物和聚酮类化合物代谢与信号转导功能的相对丰度显著降低，而膜转运功能的相对丰度增加。典范对应分析（CCA）和Partial Mantel Test分析表明，土壤速效钾、全钾含量和土壤pH值是影响土壤微生物群落结构的重要因子。因此，林地开垦种植人参对土壤微生物群落结构、多样性以及代谢功能产生了显著影响，土壤速效钾、全钾含量和pH值是影响土壤微生物群落结构的重要因素。



Abstract:The aim of this research is to reveal changes in soil microbial community structure and metabolic function in forested land after planting Panax ginseng. This study used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the soil microbial community structure and metabolic function of forested land and forested land cultivated with ginseng for 3 and 4 years. The results showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla. After ginseng was planted, the relative abundance of Actinomycetes and Verrucomicrobia significantly increased while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria significantly decreased. Overall soil bacteria diversity also significantly decreased. Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) showed significant differences in soil bacteria community structure of ginseng across different cultivation years. The relative abundance of metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides and signal transduction significantly decreased, while the relative abundance of membrane transport significantly increased. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and the Partial Mantel Test showed that potassium availability, total potassium content and soil pH were key factors affecting soil microbial community structure. The results show that soil microbial community structure, diversity and metabolic function changed significantly after planting ginseng in forested land. This work has important theoretical significance for the prevention and treatment of ginseng continuous cropping obstacles.





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