摘要:为探讨丹江口水库底栖动物群落状态和空间分布及其与环境因子之间的关系，于2013年秋季（11月）对丹江口水库底栖动物进行了详细调查，共检出底栖动物35种，常见种为霍甫水丝蚓和苏氏尾鳃蚓，优势种为霍甫水丝蚓和正颤蚓。调查结果表明，丹江口水库底栖动物群落结构存在空间差异，现存量处于较高水平，未见明显衰退现象。就底栖动物群落状态（ⅡCS）而言，汉江库区要好于丹江库区，库峡要稍好于库区和库湾。为揭示主要物种的环境偏好以及对底栖动物分布具有重要影响的环境因子，采用协惯量分析（Co-inertia Analysis，CIA）和典范对应分析（Canonical Correspondence Analysis，CCA）。CCA的分析结果表明，水温、浊度、电导率、溶解氧、叶绿素a、锑、总氮、钼、高锰酸盐指数和硼对物种分布具有重要的影响。偏最小二乘法（Partial Least Square，PLS）的分析结果表明，pH、电导率、总氮、硼、钼、锑、钡和钒能很好地预测ⅡCS分值，是底栖动物群落发展的制约因素。结合CCA和PLS分析结果来看，对底栖动物具有重要影响的环境因子主要为电导率、总氮、硼、钼和锑。



Abstract:To explore the community status, the spatial distribution pattern, and the relation to environmental factors, a detailed investigation of macroinvertebrates in Danjiangkou Reservoir was carried out in the autumn (November) of 2013. In this study, a total of 35 species were identified, thereinto, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Branchiura sowerbyi were the common species, while Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Tubifex tubifex were the dominant. The macroinvertebrates had significant spatial differences in community, and their standing crops were at a high level, without obvious decline. In terms of the status of macroinvertebrate community (ⅡCS, the integral index of the community state), the Hanjiang region was better than the Danjiang region, and the Kuxia was better than the Kuzhong and Kuwan. The co-inertia analysis (CIA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were applied to reveal the environmental preferences of the main species and the important environmental factors that affecting the species spatial distribution. The results of CCA analysis showed that water temperature, turbidity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, antimony, total nitrogen, molybdenum, permanganate index, and boron had significant effects on species distribution. The results of partial least-square (PLS) showed that pH, conductivity, total nitrogen, boron, molybdenum, antimony, barium, and vanadium could well predict the ⅡCS, being the limiting factors for the community development. Combining CCA with PLS, conductivity, total nitrogen, boron, molybdenum and antimony were the main environmental factors with important effects on macroinvertebrate communities.





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