摘要:植被普查是了解城市地表植被群落特征最常见的方法，也是进一步进行城市生态学、植物学等研究的方法基础。基于植被调查的不同目的、不同尺度、不同地貌，调查人员所选择的方法也各有差异。此次调查旨在对深圳陆域尺度的优势种特征进行研究，利用高分辨率遥感卫星图片与地面实地调查相结合的方法对深圳陆域植被开展了快速普查，结果显示：（1）深圳陆域共有优势植物182科、858属、1443种，其中被子植物占主要地位，占优势植物总种数的94.66%；（2）从优势种子植物科的地理分布来看，深圳陆域优势种子植物科归属于14个分布区，植物地理成分较为复杂，热带区系属性非常明显；（3）划分出非邻近的纹理异质性群丛斑块83834个，归为741类群系，12个植被型，南亚热带常绿阔叶林、南亚热带草丛、南亚热带灌丛占绝对优势；（4）经统计，郊区群系类型较城区更为丰富，郊区608类群系，城区569类群系，其中，共有群系437类，城-郊各自优势植物科、属、种数量差异不明显；（5）对比《中国外来入侵植物名录》和相关****的学术论文，筛选出深圳外来入侵植物62科、200属、258种，主要集中在豆科、菊科、禾本科等科。根据本次植被快速普查过程和结果给出城市植被管理和改善植被普查方法的建议，旨为今后的城市政策制定和规划实施提供科学依据。另外为了验证此次调查方法的科学性和调查结果的正确性，将本文结果与采用传统长周期方法的两支高校调查队伍的调研结果进行了比对，本次结果包含高校队伍调查结果优势种数量的88.5%，体现了本方法在优势植物物种普查中的有效性。



Abstract:Vegetation survey is the most common method to study the characteristics of urban surface vegetation communities, and it is also the method basis for further research on urban ecology and botany. Based on the different purposes, different scales, and different landforms of vegetation surveys, the methods selected by the investigators are also different. In this study, the purpose of the survey is to study the characteristics of dominant species at the land scale of Shenzhen. High-resolution remote sensing satellite images and ground field survey were used to conduct a rapid census of the vegetation in the land area of Shenzhen. The results showed that: (1) There were altogether 182 families, 858 genera, and 1,443 species of dominant plants in the land area of Shenzhen, among which angiosperms were the dominant plants, accounting for 94.66% of the total species. (2) Judging from their floristic distribution, the dominant seed plant families in the Shenzhen territories belonged to 14 distribution areas. The geographical constituents of the plants were complex, and the tropical floristic attributes were very apparent. (3) 83,834 non-adjacent textural heterogeneous cluster patches were classified into 741 different vegetation groups, 12 vegetation types, and 3 vegetation types (those of the south subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests, south subtropical grassland, and south subtropical shrubland were dominant). (4) According to the statistical analysis, there were more abundant vegetation groups in the suburbs than in urban areas. There were 608 vegetation groups in the suburbs and 569 vegetation groups in urban areas, with 437 vegetation groups in common. There was no obvious difference in the number of dominant plant families, genera, and species between the urban and suburban areas. (5) By comparing the list of invasive plants in China, 258 alien invasive plants were screened in Shenzhen, which were distributed across 62 families and 200 genera, mainly in the leguminous, composite, and gramineous families. Finally, according to the process and results of this rapid vegetation survey, suggestions for the improvement of urban vegetation management and vegetation surveys were given, aiming to provide a scientific basis for future urban policy formulation and planning implementation. In addition, in order to verify the scientificity of the survey method and the correctness of the survey results, the results of this article were compared with the survey results of two University Investigation Team using traditional long-period methods. This result contains 88.5% of dominant species in the survey results of the University Investigation Team, which reflects the effectiveness of this method in the census of dominant plant species.





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