摘要:浮游植物功能群分类分析可以精确地反映水体环境变化对水生生物群落的影响。为探究巢湖双桥河底泥疏浚工程对浮游植物群落及水生生态系统的影响，对2017年6月-2018年3月双桥河底泥疏浚期间的水体理化因子、浮游植物群落结构和功能群划分开展了研究。研究发现，底泥疏浚工程能够大量削减双桥河水体中的氮、磷营养盐，但疏浚后的双桥河仍处于中-富营养状态；双桥河浮游植物群落依据其生态功能可划分为M、H1、H2、MP、S1、L_O、X2、X1、J、F、N、G、X3、C、D、Y、W1、L_M、E、T、S_N、K、P等23个功能群，绝对优势功能群为以微囊藻为主的M功能群和以硅藻为主的MP、P功能群。底泥疏浚工程对双桥河浮游植物种类的影响不大，但藻类密度和生物量在疏浚后有显著地下降，浮游植物多样性指数也有提升。将浮游植物功能群生物量与环境因子进行冗余分析（RDA）和Pearson分析发现，水环境因子变化对双桥河浮游植物功能群产生了较大影响，双桥河浮游藻类优势功能群由底泥疏浚前的M、MP、P、W1、Y类转变为底泥疏浚后的C、F、J、M、MP、P、Y类。其中，底泥疏浚工程造成的氮营养盐削减可以对双桥河浮游植物功能群产生较大影响。研究认为双桥河底泥疏浚工程在改善河流浮游植物生态功能，减轻水体污染程度上有积极的作用。



Abstract:The taxonomic analysis of phytoplankton functional groups can accurately reflect the impacts of changes in water quality on the hydrobiological community. In order to explore the effects of sediment dredging on the phytoplankton community and aquatic ecosystem of the Shuangqiao River in the Chaohu basin, the environmental factors of the river and the structure and functional groups of the phytoplankton community during sediment dredging period of the Shuangqiao River from June 2017 to March 2018 were investigated. The results showed that sediment dredging greatly reduced the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Shuangqiao River, but the river still retained its middle-eutrophic state after sediment dredging. In total, 23 phytoplankton functional groups were identified: M, H1, H2, MP, S1, L_O, X2, X1, J, F, N, G, X3, C, D, Y, W1, L_M, E, T, S_N, K, and P. The phytoplankton functional groups were dominated by the M functional group (mainly comprised of Microcystis spp.) and the MP and P functional groups (mainly composed of Diatoms). Sediment dredging had little effect on the species composition of the phytoplankton in the Shuangqiao River. However, the density and biomass of algae declined significantly after sediment dredging. The phytoplankton diversity index has also improved. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and Pearson analysis were used to explore the relationships between phytoplankton functional groups and the major environmental factors of the Shuangqiao River. A significant relationship between phytoplankton functional groups and environmental factors was found. Among them, the dominant functional groups of phytoplankton in the Shuangqiao River changed from M, MP, P, W1, and Y before sediment dredging to C, F, J, M, MP, P, and Y after sediment dredging. At the same time, the reduction of nitrogen concentrations caused by sediment dredging projects has had a great impact on the phytoplankton functional groups of the Shuangqiao River. This study shows that the sediment dredging project of the Shuangqiao River has had a positive effect by improving the ecological functions of the phytoplankton community and reducing the degree of water pollution.





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