摘要:草原生态补偿是我国建设生态文明的必由之路。伴随着草原生态补偿奖励政策于2011年的实施，学术界就草原生态补偿展开了多视角、系统性和定量化的研究。基于文献研究法，文章在草原生态补偿主体、补偿客体、补偿标准、补偿方式、保障机制、牧民意愿及满意度以及补偿效应等方面对当前研究成果进行了系统梳理与总结，揭示了目前政策实施所存在的政策机制与激励机制不相容、补偿资金来源单一、补偿标准偏低、补偿形式单一、社会保障配套制度缺乏、监管缺失和法律机制不完善等问题；最后，对后续研究的重要领域进行展望：进一步加强多学科理论支撑体系研究，研究方法的规范统一，研究视域的拓展以及政策实施绩效评估等，以确保政策高效可持续实施。



Abstract:Grassland ecological compensation is an inevitable course to build ecological civilization in China. With the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy in 2011, researchers carried out multi-perspective, systematic and quantitative studies on grassland ecological compensation. This article summarized literatures published in recent years in term of compensation subject, compensation object, compensation standard, compensation mode, the safeguard mechanism, herdsmen’s willingness and satisfaction, and compensation effect by literature analysis method. The results showed that state or government was the main compensation subject, while herder was the only compensation object. The current compensation standard was lower, especially for the grazing prohibition standard. The compensation method was relatively simple and the fund compensation was the most common way. The herders’ livelihood capital and income have become important research field. Most researches showed that there were some problems in the policy implementation, such as incompatibility between policy mechanisms and incentives, single source of compensation funds, the lower compensation standard, single compensation form, lacking of social security system and supervision, and defective legal mechanism. Finally, the following important aspects to ensure the effectiveness and continuity of compensation policy implementation was proposed: to strengthen and build a multi-disciplinary theoretical support research system, to seek unity of the scientific research methods, and to broaden the vision of research and assessment policy performance.





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