摘要:基于木论国家级自然保护区内一个2 hm²动态监测样地2007、2012和2017年3次植被调查数据，从物种组成、群落结构、重要值、多样性、死亡率、补员率等方面分析喀斯特峰丛洼地原生林群落动态特征。结果表明：2017年样地内木本植物包含46科95属123种，较2007增加2科，减少5属7种；较2012年增加2科，减少4属4种。10年来，该样地优势种变化不明显，重要值≥ 1的物种数在2017年减少了3种；但排名前5位的物种保持不变，只有个别物种的重要值排序发生了较大的变化。平均胸径、树高、生物量随时间推移而增加；第一个5年，平均胸径和树高差异不显著，但10年间差异显著。随着时间推移，Shannon-wiener指数逐渐减少，Simpson指数和Pielou指数逐渐增加。该森林群落总径级结构呈倒"J"形，总体上群落更新状态良好。10年间DBH ≥ 1.0 cm个体的年死亡率为8.23%，年补员率为5.73%。群落中野桐（Mallotus japonicas）和枫香树（Liquidambar formosana）呈增长趋势，优势地位逐渐上升。20个物种中有约35%的物种更新不足，表现出衰退的迹象，导致群落的物种成分和结构出现较大的变化。群落内主要树种的更新和植被结构变化的分析对于预测森林未来的变化趋势具有重要意义。



Abstract:The dynamic characteristics of species composition, community structure, important value (IV), diversity, mortalities, and recruitments in the primary forest communities were analyzed based on the vegetation survey of a 2 hm² dynamic monitoring plot in the Mulun National Nature Reserve in karst peak-cluster depression in 2007, 2012, and 2017. The results showed that there were 123 species of woody plants belonging to 95 genera and 46 families in 2017, which increased by 2 families and reduced by 5 genera and 7 species compared with those of 2007, and increased by 2 families and reduced by 4 genera and 4 species compared with those of 2012. The dominant species in the plot were not obviously changed in past 10 years. The number of species with IV ≥ 1 decreased by 3 in 2017 in comparison with those of 2007. However, the top five species remained the same but with different IV orders of the individual species. In general, the average diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, and biomass of the communities increased over time. Specifically, there were no significant differences in mean diameter and tree height between 2007 and 2012, while there were significant differences between 2007 and 2017. The Shannon-wiener index of the forest community gradually decreased while the Simpson index and Pielou index gradually increased. On the whole, the DBH size-class structure of all species in the forest community exhibited a reverse J-shaped pattern, which indicated that the forest community was in a good regeneration status. The average annual mortality of species with DBH ≥ 1.0 cm was 8.23% and the average annual recruitment rate of species with DBH ≥ 1.0 cm was 5.73% between 2007 and 2017. The number of Mallotus japonicas and Liquidambar formosana in the forest community showed an increasing trend and their dominant position was gradually increasing. In addition, there was about 35% of 20 species in the status of insufficient regeneration, which led to a recession with large variation in species composition and structure of the community. Understanding of regeneration mechanism of the dominant species and vegetation structure dynamics in a forest community could help predict the forest future trend.





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