摘要:研究植物群落功能多样性沿环境梯度的变化可以揭示功能多样性与生态系统功能间的关系及维持机制。以井冈山地区鹿角杜鹃（Rhododendron latoucheae）群落为研究对象，通过调查不同海拔梯度群落灌木层植物的物种组成与结构特征，研究了该群落类型灌木层植物的物种多样性、功能多样性、环境因子的特征及其相互之间的关系。结果表明：1）群落类型灌木层植物物种多样性和功能多样性沿海拔梯度呈现不同的变化趋势。物种多样性指数均随着海拔的升高呈减小趋势，而功能多样性指数的变化却较为复杂。其中FRic、FEve和FDis随着海拔的升高显著减小，FDiv和Rao却随海拔的升高而增加；2）群落中物种多样性和功能多样性呈现复杂的相关性。FRic、FEve与丰富度指数呈显著正相关，而Rao、FDis、FDiv与Simpson优势度指数呈线性相关关系，且具有显著相关性；3）群落所分布的坡位及土壤氮与磷含量等环境因子对灌木植物的功能多样性有着重要的影响。鹿角杜鹃群落灌木层植物的物种多样性和功能多样性的相互关系及其对环境变化的响应共同决定了群落的生态系统功能。



Abstract:Researching on the spatial variation of community functional diversity along altitudinal gradients can increase our understanding of the relationship between functional diversity and ecosystem function and their maintenance mechanisms. This research investigated the community composition and structure of shrubs in Rhododendron latoucheae communities distributed along an altitudinal gradient in Jinggang Mountain, Jiangxi province to uncover the characteristics of species diversity, functional diversity and environmental factors, and the relationships between them. The results showed that:1) The species diversity and functional diversity of shrub species in the community changed in different patterns along the altitudinal gradient. The species diversity indices (richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, and Simpson index) decreased with increasing altitude, meanwhile the functional diversity indices displayed a complex pattern. The functional volume (FRic), functional evenness (FEve) and functional dispersion (FDis) significantly decreased, but the functional divergence (FDiv) and quadratic entropy (Rao) increased with increasing altitude; 2) There was a complicated correlation between species diversity and functional diversity of communities. FRic and FEve were positively correlated with the richness index; Simpson dominance showed significant linear correlations with Rao, FDis and FDiv; 3) Environmental factors such as slope position, soil nitrogen and phosphorus content of the community had important influences on the functional diversity of shrubs. The relationships between species diversity and functional diversity of shrubs in R. latoucheae communities and their response to environmental changes determine the community ecosystem function.





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